Index 649
Martini, Pietro 320
Mauri 88
Maurice Tiberius 89
Mauritania 88
medieval period 53–69, 25, 187–194, 274,
276, 277, 316–318, 330, 332, 342, 507, 512
merchants/merchandise 1, 9, 21, 27, 30, 89,
94, 96–98, 101, 107, 143, 161–166, 169–171,
173, 175, 178, 196, 209, 216, 249, 255, 257,
267, 300, 301, 307–309, 349, 350, 366,
384, 392, 412, 412, 485, 523, 524, 529, 549
See also commerce; imports; exports;
industry; trade
Middle Ages 3, 6, 29, 31, 39, 41, 43, 44, 46, 48,
59, 61, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70–84, 92, 93, 97,
101, 129, 138, 157–159, 168, 169, 187, 298,
274, 306, 317, 321, 325, 335–340, 347, 365,
367, 369, 377, 381, 396, 414, 420, 428,
429, 431, 437, 443, 457, 460–461, 499,
500, 502, 505, 507, 509, 549, 552
military clothing 421–423
monasteries 34, 45, 91, 95, 96, 179–181, 199,
200, 201, 2213, 244, 237, 285, 288–294,
297, 441, 443, 448, 529, 549
money 44, 89, 97, 104, 170, 177, 181, 198, 220,
222, 236, 329
monks
Benedictines 237
Camaldolese 197–198, 206, 446
Carmelites 210
Cassinese 194–196, 200, 206, 288, 292,
446, 447
Cistercians 198, 210, 237, 446
Dominicans 206–207, 210
Franciscans 206–207
Vallumbrosans 193, 197–198, 206, 237, 446
Victorines 189, 192, 194, 196–197, 200,
206, 237, 292, 446, 450
Monophysitism 185
Monothelitism 185
Mughad 23, 129–132, 135
Musaitus 219–221, 224, 225
music 427–474
Muslims 120, 21, 123, 125–128, 130, 151, 152,
529
See also Islam
Naples 65, 133, 135, 138, 157, 161, 176, 177, 211,
214, 216, 256, 258, 266, 268, 490
natural resources 84, 98, 156–160
naval bases 537
Nicholas III (pope) 452
Normans 146, 151, 155, 191
North Africa 4, 6, 7, 19, 21–23, 28, 29, 30, 32,
33, 38, 41, 42, 47, 49, 87–89, 92, 100, 121,
122, 137, 144, 146, 148, 151, 162, 179–182,
216, 223, 224, 256, 264, 332, 345, 417, 479,
508, 509, 513, 518, 523, 552
nuns 196, 441, 454, 455
Nuragics 87
Olbia 90, 97, 122, 123, 154, 155, 181, 277, 302,
322, 490, 506, 507, 513, 516, 540–546,
554
On the Marriage of Philology and Mercury 71
Oristano 61, 64, 76, 99, 105, 109, 123, 124, 154,
144, 169–173, 188, 213–216, 242, 249,
251–254, 265, 275, 276, 278, 311, 332, 334,
335, 338, 360, 386, 398, 399, 420, 424,
437, 45, 452, 454–456, 460, 485, 500,
507, 516, 517, 520, 524, 527, 540, 531, 532,
551, 552
Orosius 71, 72, 76
Orzocco Torchitorio 135, 192, 196
Ostrogoths 88, 420
Otto I 135
Otto III 347
pagans 183–184
Palermo 148, 151, 153–155, 157, 159, 161–166,
176, 304, 315, 512, 520
Pallavicino, Filippo Guglielmo 54
parliament 66, 105, 149, 166, 213, 239,
242–245, 248–250, 258, 259, 268
Paul V (pope) 318
Peace of 1388 245, 252
Peace of Westphalia 267
Peter III 204, 362, 370, 376, 377
Peter the IV the Ceremonious 63, 67, 105,
107, 170, 172, 212, 213, 242, 243, 250, 306,
362, 369, 458
Philip II 257–262, 364, 494, 497
Philip III 264, 265, 318
Philip IV 266, 267
Philo of Alexandria 168
Phoenicians 87, 325, 489
Piccolomini, Aeneo Silvio 75
piracy 152, 186, 187, 264