Defining Neighbors. Religion, Race, and the Early Zionist-Arab Encounter - Jonathan Marc Gribetz

INDEx • 275

Danger,” 106–7; “Heresy or Incite-
ment?,” 116–18; “Jesus of Nazareth
Never Existed,” 115–16; and Jews in
Christian countries vs. Muslim world,
119–20, 121; and Kremer, 104, 105;
“The Libel of our Enemies,” 129; and
literacy in Arabic, 193; and N. Malul,
233; mission statement of, 97–98; Moy-
al’s translations of Arabic press in, 191;
Muslims in, 100; and Nassar, 232; as
offended by criticism of Zionism, 128–
30; religion in, 98–99, 100, 101–2, 103;
and Sephardic Zionists, 97–98; and Zak-
ka’s an-Nafīr, 193
Herzl, Theodor, 35n74, 42n12, 50, 54,
62, 66, 84n157, 172–73; and Hirsch,
91; and Yusuf Diyaʾ al-Khalidi, 89; and
Kremer, 104; and Makaryus, 175; and
Nassar, 90; and Pius x, 237n8
Hibbat Zion, 35n74, 50n42, 197n52
al-Hilāl (The Crescent), 133, 134–35, 158,
184; agent in Jerusalem, 135–36; Bible
in, 169, 170, 171; cartoon from, 181,
182–83; Christian vs. Muslim editors,
contributors, and audience of, 136n19;
defense of Judaism against defamation
in, 159, 160–61; “The House of Roth-
schild,” 154–57; “The Jews and the
War,” 131–32, 138–39, 179–84; “The
Jews in the Lands of the Arabs,” 143;
and N. Malul, 11; and Moyal, 11; and
pro- vs. anti-Jewish views, 136–37; and
race, 9, 28; on Rothschild family, 174–
75; and J. Zaydan, 141, 203
Hillel, 204–5, 214–15
al-Hindi, Rahmat Allah, 164
Hirsch, Maurice de, baron, 91–92
Histadrut ha-poʿalim ha-ẓeʿirim be-ereẓ
yisraʾel (Organization of Young Work-
ers in the Land of Israel), 127
Hitler, Adolf, 247
Ḥizb al-umma (People’s Party), 220
al-Ḥizb al-waṭanī (National Party), 219,
220
Holland, 29
Holocaust, 246

Holy Land. See Palestine

Hourani, Albert Habib, 83n155, 153n74

Hourani, George, 65

Hugo, Victor, 51

Hungary, 243

al-Husseini, Hajj Amin, 247

Husseinis (family), 41

Ibn Gabirol, 53

Ibn Hazm, 79

Ibn Khaldun, 144

Ibn Yahya, Gedalia, Shalshelet ha-kab-

balah, 200

ijmāʿ (consensus), 63–67, 69, 74, 213–14

Iraq, 156

Isaac, 145, 168

Ishmael, 145, 168

Ishmael, Rabbi, 214

Ishmaelites, 100, 101, 104, 105

Islam: and anti-Jewish polemic, 162; and

Arabic, 211; as associated with Chris-

tian ity vs. Judaism, 235–36; and Chris-

tianity, 50, 73–75, 120, 133, 150, 151,

157, 159, 165; Christianity’s close rela-

tionship to, 227; divisions within, 227–

28; as enemy of Jews, 236; and essential

sameness of all religions, 222, 224; five

pillars of, 214, 227; and Hamas, 246;

Jewish experience of justice and equal-

ity under, 53; and Jewish financial

houses, 156; and Jewish wealth, 82;

Jews and middle ages of, 63n91, 64,

66–67; Jews and notion of ijmāʿ in, 64,

66–67; Jews in Arab lands before, 143–

44, 149, 150; Jews tolerated in, 8, 53,

115, 118–20, 121, 149–50, 151–54,

156, 157, 158, 159, 165; Jews under

rule of, 53, 133, 149–50, 156; and Juda-

ism, 50, 68, 71–76, 210–16, 221, 227;

and M. R. al-Khalidi, 8, 43–44, 45, 63,

64, 68, 69, 92; and Last Day, 162; and

N. Malul, 222, 224–25, 226–27; medie-

val, 64, 66–67, 72, 74; and Moyal, 199,

210–16; and polemic, 164; polemic

against, 118; redemption in, 151–53;

and religion vs. nationality, 138–39;