engagement but also large, expensive horses on which he rode during jousts and
tournaments.
Kelly De Vries
[See also: CAVALRY; WARFARE]
Contamine, Philippe. War in the Middle Ages, trans. Michael Jones. New York: Blackwell, 1984.
Bachrach, Bernard S. “Charles Martel, Mounted Shock Combat, the Stirrup, and Feudalism.”
Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History 7(1970), 47–75.
——. “Animals and Warfare in Early Medieval Europe.” In L’uomo di fronte al mondo animale
nell’alto medioevo. Spoleto: Presso la Sede del Centro, 1985, pp. 707–63.
Vale, Malcolm. War and Chivalry: Warfare and Aristocratic Culture in England, France and
Burgundy at the End of the Middle Ages. London: Duckworth, 1981.
Verbruggen, J.F. The Art of Warfare in Western Europe During the Middle Ages: From the Eighth
Century to 1340, trans. Sumner Willard and S.C.M. Southern. Amsterdam: North-Holland,
1977.
White, Lynn, Jr. Medieval Technology and Social Change. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1962,
pp. 1–38.
WAUQUELIN (DE MONS), JEAN
(fl. 1441–52). Translator, scribe, and editor of manuscripts for the library of Philip the
Good, duke of Burgundy. Notable among his accomplishments is the Chroniques de
Hainaut (Brussels, Bibl. Roy. 9242), a translation of the Latin Annales Hanno-niae,
whose dedication miniature is a landmark in Bur-gundian illumination. Other
masterpieces from his workshop are a Chronique d’Alexandre (B.N. fr. 9342), Girart de
Roussillon (Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 2549), a Gouvernement des princes (Brussels
Bibl. Roy. 9043), as well as a number of lesser-known manuscripts. He is also
responsible for prosifications of the Belle Helaine de Constantinople (1448) and of
Philippe de Beaumanoir’s La Manekine.
Charity Cannon Willard
[See also: BELLE HELAINE DE CONSTANTINOPLE; TRANSLATION]
Delaissé, L.M.J. La miniature flamande, le mécénat de Philippe le Bon. Brussels: Bibliothèque
Royale, 1959.
——. “Les ‘Chroniques de Hainaut’ et l’atelier de Jean Wauquelin a Mons, dans l’histoire de la
miniature flamande.” In Miscellanea Erwin Panofsky. Brussels: Patrimoine des Musées Royaux
des Beaux-Arts, 1955.
Van Buren, Anne. “Jean Wauquelin de Mons et la production du livre au Pays-Bas.” Publication du
Centre Européen d’Études Burgondo-Médianes 23(1983):53–66.
Medieval france: an encyclopedia 1840