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BUSNOYS, ANTOINE
(Busnois; ca. 1430–1492). French composer in the service of the Burgundian court. His
works, of which three-voice chansons are most numerous, typify the Franco-Burgundian
style in the third quarter of the 15th century.
Busnoys’s name indicates that he or his family came from Busne (Pas-de-Calais), a
town in northeastern France. Nothing is known of his early life and education, but in
1461 he was recorded as a chaplain at Saint-Gatien in Tours, at which time he was
involved in an attack on a priest and was excommunicated. He did not remain in disgrace
for long, since he soon became a singer and minor cleric at the royal abbey of Saint-
Martin in Tours and in April 1465 was promoted from the position of choir clerk to
subdeacon there. At Tours, he was a colleague and perhaps a student of the famous
composer Johannes Ockeghem, master of the French royal chapel and treasurer of the
abbey of Saint-Martin. In September 1465, Busnoys sought and received the post of
master of the choirboys at Saint-Hilaire-le-Grand, Poitiers, which he held until July 1466.
In his motet In hydraulis, which pays homage to Ockeghem, Busnoys describes
himself as “unworthy musician of the illustrious count of Charolais,” referring to Charles
the Bold, son of Philip the Good, duke in June 1467. Busnoys was listed as a singer in
Charles’s private service in March 1467, and he continued in that position
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