[See also: BASSE DANSE; ESTAMPIE; GROCHEIO, JOHANNES DE; MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS; RONDEAU]
Anderson, Gordon A. Notre-Dame and Related Conductus: Opera omnia. 9 vols. Henryville:
Institute of Mediaeval Music, 1979–86, Vol. 8.
McGee, Timothy J., ed. Medieval Instrumental Dances. Bloomington: Indiana University Press,
1989.
——. “Medieval Dances: Matching the Repertory with Grocheio’s Descriptions.” Journal of
Musicology 7(1989): 498–517.
Page, Christopher. The Owl and the Nightingale: Musical Life and Ideas in France 1100–1300.
London: Dent, 1989.
——. Voices and Instruments of the Middle Ages. London: Dent, 1987.
Rokseth, Yvonne. “Danses cléricales du XIIIe siècle.” Mélanges 1945 des publications de la
Faculté des Lettres de Strasbourg. Paris, 1947, pp. 93–126.
Sachs, Curt. World History of the Dance. New York: Norton, 1937.
DAUPHIN
. The dominical title dauphin (Lat. delphinus) was borne from 1281 by the count of
Clermont-en-Auvergne (who styled himself “dauphin of Auvergne”) and from 1282 by
the count of Vienne and Albon in the kingdom of Arles (who styled himself “dauphin of
Viennois”). Derived from the personal name Dauphin, invariably borne either as a second
forename or as a surname by the counts of the latter line from 1132 to 1282, it was
apparently misinterpreted as a title. The corresponding jurisdictional title Dauphiné (Lat.
delphinatus) appeared for the first time in 1285 and was thereafter applied to the whole
estate of the dauphin. In July 1349, the last independent dauphin of Viennois, Humbert II
de la Tour-du-Pin, despairing of an heir and deeply in debt, ceded the Dauphiné to Philip
VI, who bestowed it upon his grandson, the future Charles V of France. In the following
year, Charles became heir apparent to the throne, but it was not until he, as king, granted
the Dauphiné to his own firstborn son, the future Charles VI, shortly after his birth in
December 1368, that the delphinal dignity began to be treated as a distinctive attribute of
the status of primogenitus regis, or firstborn son of the king. All subsequent heirs
apparent to the throne, including the first five sons of Charles VI, were given the dignity
of dauphin of Viennois at either birth or succession to the status of primogenitus.
D’A.Jonathan D.Boulton
[See also: DAUPHINÉ/VIENNOIS]
Boulton, D’A.Jonathan D. Grants of Honour: The Origins of the System of Nobiliary Dignities of
Traditional France, ca. 1100–1515. Forthcoming.
Prud’homme, Auguste. “De l’origine et du sens des mots dauphin et dauphiné et leurs rapports avec
l’emblême du dauphin en Dauphiné, en Auvergne et en Forez.” Bibliothèque de l’École des
Chartes 54(1893):429–56.
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