Möller, Hartmut. “Die Feier des Metzer Osteroffiziums im 9. Jahrhundert.” In Feste und Feiern im
Mittelalter: Paderborner Symposium des Mediävistenverbandes, ed. Detlef Altenburg, Jörg
Jarnut, and Hans-Hugo Steinhoff. Sigmaringen: Thorbeke, 1991, pp. 309–22.
Salmon, Pierre. L’office divin au moyen âge: histoire de la formation du bréviaire du IXe au XVIe
siècle. Paris: Cerf, 1967.
Taft, Robert. The Liturgy of the Hours in East and West: The Origins of the Divine Office and Its
Meaning for Today. Collegeville: Liturgical, 1986.
Winkler, Gabriele. “Über die Kathedralvesper in den verschiedenen Riten des Ostens und
Westens.” Archiv für Liturgiewissenschaft 16(1974):53–102.
DOL-DE-BRETAGNE
. The Benedictine monastery at Dol (Île-et-Vilaine) was founded in 548 by St. Samson of
Caldey, who was fleeing Saxon invaders in Britain. It was raised to an archbishopric in
848 by Nominoë, who was crowned here as king of the Bretons. Until 1159, its bishop
was the primate of Brittany. A key frontier fortress, it successfully resisted William the
Conqueror in 1075 but was eventually captured by Henry II Plantagenêt in 1164. Along
the Grande-Rue are a number of well-preserved medieval houses. The Maison des Palets,
with its original round-arched windows, is a singular example of domestic Norman
Romanesque architecture that may date back to the 11th century.
The present Norman Gothic cathedral of Saint-Samson is built on the site of a
Romanesque cathedral burned by John Lackland in 1203. Its sharply pointed arches and
straight east end show English influence. The nave, side aisles, and transept, all dating
from the early 13th century, are remarkable for the unusual plan of the pillars and their
shafts, which are attached on the east and west but not on the north and south. The choir,
side chapels, and rectangular ambulatory are more ornate and date from the late 13th
century.
William W.Kibler/William W.Clark
Couffon, René. “La cathédrale de Dol.” Congrès archéologique (Haute-Bretagne) 126(1968): 37–
59.
Prache, Anne. “Les influences anglaises sur l’architecture de la cathédrale de Dol.” Bulletin de la
Société Nationale des Antiquaires de France (1980–81): 290–95.
DOMINICAN ORDER
. The Dominican Order of Friars Preachers, founded by the Castilian canon Dominic of
Calaruega (1170–1221), represented the fruit of his long labor of preaching (1206–15)
among the heretics of southern France. By 1213, his mission knew its first success, a
foundation at Prouille that served simultaneously as a convent for women converted from
heresy and a base of operations for Dominic and his disciples. By 1215, he and his band
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