Illuminated manuscripts, especially devotional books and works of vernacular
literature, remained popular. The development of oil painting and the advent of printing,
however, caused a decline in manuscript illumination in favor of panel painting, where
realism of spatial perspective could be more fully developed. As economy and trade
prospered, commercial centers, such as Lyon, created affluent middle-class patrons who
could furnish their living quarters with tapestries as well as metalwork and ivory objects.
The detailed realism of late French Gothic art continued into the early 16th century, when
the classical influences of the Italian Renaissance brought the art of the Gothic era to an
end.
Karen Gould
[See also: AMIENS; CHARTRES; ENAMELING; GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE;
IVORIES; LIMBOURG BROTHERS; MANUSCRIPTS, PRODUCTION AND
ILLUMINATION; JEWELRY AND METALWORKING; MARY, DEVOTION TO;
NICHOLAS DE VERDUN; PARIS; PUCELLE, JEAN; REIMS; RELICS AND
RELIQUARIES; SLUTER, CLAUS; STAINED GLASS; STRASBOURG; TAPESTRY]
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