[See also: SAINT-NECTAIRE]
Craplet, Bernard. Auvergne romane. La Pierre-qui-vire: Zodiaque, 1962.
Ranguet, H. and E.du. “Abbatiale de Saint-Austremoine d’Issoire.” Bulletin monumental
94(1935):277–313.
Sauget, B. and J.-M. L’abbaye Saint-Austremoine d’Issoire. Clermont-Ferrand: Reix, 1989.
Swiechowski, Zygmunt. Sculpture romane d’Auvergne. Clermont-Ferrand: Bussac, 1973.
Terrasse, Charles. Congrès archéologique (Clermont-Ferrand) 87(1924):80–100.
ISSOUDUN
. Originally a Gallic settlement, the fortified site of Issoudun (Indre) played a role in the
conflict between the Capetian and Plantagenêt dynasties. Part of Eleanor of Aquitaine’s
dowry to Henry 11, it was seized by Philip 11 Augustus in 1187. Two years later,
Richard I the Lionhearted inherited the territory but ceded it to Philip as part of the Treaty
of Gisors. In 1195, one of Philip’s officers betrayed him and took control of the tower in
Richard’s name. Philip attacked Issoudun again later in the same year.
Issoudun has several important medieval monuments: the Gothic church of Saint-Cyr,
with a beautiful 14th- and 15th-century stained-glass window of the Crucifixion; a 12th-
century belfry, once a part of the city’s walls; and an octagonal tower known as the Tour
Blanche, built between 1187 and 1195 by Richard the Lionhearted. The tower is located
within the castle walls, forming a “spur” in the southeast corner and surrounded on the
other three sides by a moat. It had an original height of 99 feet and walls up to 13 feet
thick.
Linda M.Rouillard
Erlande-Brandenburg, Alain. “La Tour Blanche a Issoudun.” Congrès archéologique (Bas-Berry)
142(1984):129–38.
Vallery-Radot, Jean. “La Tour Blanche d’Issoudun (Indre).” In Château-Gaillard, études de
castellologie européenne, I: Colloque des Andelys, 30 mai-4 juin 1962. Caen, 1964, pp. 149–60.
IVO OF CHARTRES
(ca. 1040–1116). An outstanding bishop, reformer, canonist, and theologian, Ivo studied
at Paris and with Lanfranc at the Norman abbey of Bec. He became prior of Saint-
Quentin, an abbey of regular canons in Beauvais, ca. 1078. In 1090, he was made bishop
of Chartres, where he remained until his death. While bishop, he compiled three
important pre-Gratian collections of canon law: Collectio tripartia, Decretum, and
Panormia. The Panormia was the most influential and was used as a source by Abélard
and Hugh of Saint-Victor in their writings. Ivo was directly involved in the marriage
dispute of King Philip I, as well as other instances of episcopal rulings on marriage law
within the church. He was also involved in the Gregorian reform movement and in the
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