The shootings were unprecedented in the United
States. The closest parallel event had been the 1967
University of Texas clock tower shootings. As a result
of the incident, police agencies reconsidered their
policy of using violence only as a last resort in hos-
tage situations. California politicians launched un-
precedented (and largely unsuccessful) attempts to
ban assault rifles. McDonald’s set a standard for
corporations victimized by random crime: It settled
victims’ injury claims, covered funeral costs, and
provided counseling. Mental health facilities reeval-
uated overworked clinics, and forensic psychologists
examined Huberty’s antisocial behavior and his wife’s
failure to respond to his chilling comment before
leaving for the restaurant.
Further Reading
Fox, James Alan, and Jack Levine.Extreme Killing: Un-
derstanding Serial and Mass Murderers. Thousand
Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 2005.
Ramsland, Katherine.Inside the Mind of Mass Mur-
derers. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2005.
Joseph Dewey
See also Atlanta child murders; Crime; Goetz,
Bernhard; Lucas, Henry Lee; Night Stalker case;
Post office shootings; Tylenol murders.
Sauvé, Jeanne
Identification First woman governor-general of
Canada
Born April 26, 1922; Prud’homme, Saskatchewan
Died January 26, 1993; Montreal, Quebec
Sauvé was a trailblazing figure in Canadian politics. She
was the first woman governor-general and the first woman
member of Parliament from Quebec to be appointed to the
federal cabinet.
Jeanne Sauvé was the daughter of Charles Albert
Benoît and Anna Vaillant Benoît. She was a brilliant
student at a convent school and at the University
of Ottawa, and she became active as a teenager in a
reformist Catholic students’ movement, Jeunesse
Etudiante Catholique. As the organization’s presi-
dent at the age of twenty, she moved to Montreal and
was soon involved with a group of reform-minded
intellectuals that included future prime minister
Pierre Trudeau. In 1948, Jeanne Benoît married
Maurice Sauvé, who was later to serve as a federal
cabinet minister in the 1960’s. They went to Paris to
study, and Jeanne worked in the youth section of the
United Nations Educational, Social, and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO); the couple returned to
Montreal in 1952.
Sauvé worked as a broadcaster and journalist until
1972, when she was elected to the House of Commons
as a Liberal member of Parliament from Ahuntsic,
Montreal. She served in Prime Minister Trudeau’s
cabinet until 1979, first as minister of science and
technology, then as minister of environment and
communications. As Speaker of the House of Com-
mons from 1980 to 1984 and the member of Par-
liament for Laval-des-Rapides, Sauvé was criticized
for early parliamentary mistakes, and as governor-
general from 1984 to 1990, she was attacked for secu-
rity controls she imposed on public access to the
grounds of Government House, Rideau Hall.
Sauvé’s most important achievement was her ap-
pointment as the first woman governor-general. In
that position, her patriotism often caused contro-
versy, especially among Quebec nationalists, who
were frustrated by her conviction that Quebec could
better achieve fulfillment by personal effort, persua-
sion, and reform rather than by anger, which she felt
only destroyed political and social structures. Oppo-
nents disliked her farewell New Year’s message to the
nation as governor-general at the end of 1989, be-
lieving it was an improper interference in politics,
while supporters found it an eloquent appeal to
keep Canada whole. Although Sauvé had delivered
the same message at her installation as governor-
general in 1984 and on many other occasions, she
was criticized for expressing those sentiments at
the height of debate over the Meech Lake plan for
constitutional reform. In 1990, Sauvé founded the
Jeanne Sauvé Youth Foundation.Impact Sauvé argued her case for a united Canada
at every opportunity. Her political vision went be-
yond Quebec. She traveled widely and believed that
if young people were just given a chance to commu-
nicate with other young people—East and West,
Catholic and Protestant, French and English—the
problems that arose from fear and a sense of foreign-
ness would quickly be eliminated. Shortly before her
term as governor-general expired, Sauvé established
in her name a $10 million youth foundation to bring
together young leaders from around the world.The Eighties in America Sauvé, Jeanne 843