Avar-Age Polearms and Edged Weapons. Classification, Typology, Chronology and Technology

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Edged Weapons 239


not numerous,263 while oval hilt caps made of tinned copper alloy are even


rarer,264 with those made of iron being the most common form.265


The basic form of these hilt caps remained unchanged from the second half


of the Early phase. The chape of the scabbard is also sometimes covered with a


similar cap, and is difficult to distinguish from the pommel cap. These chapes


covered with caps are usually later than chapes made of long silver or gold foil.


The hilt cap from grave No. 64 at Gyenesdiás is of an unusual shape, being


oval in plan but triangular in profile (fig. 87/1).266 The silver hilt cap from grave


No. 94 at Košice–Šebastovce is box-shaped with high rims (fig. 87/3).267 A simi-


lar iron hilt cap is also known from grave No. 230 in the same cemetery.268


In several cases the sword or sabre did not survive as a consequence of grave


robbing or environmental damage but hilt caps (or caps of chapes) attest to


their original inclusion in the burial.


2.1.4 Decorative Rivets


Hilts are often decorated with rivets of various shape and material, some of


which have a considerable chronological or even social significance. Therefore


the classification of these decorative rivets from the hilt is of great importance.


1906, 320–321; Fettich 1943, 38–39, XIV); Kecskemét–Ballószög–Karácsonyi szőlő grave No.
1 (Szabó 1939, 185–187, Taf. I. Abb. 1).
263 Kiszombor O grave No. 2 (Csallány 1939, 125–126, I. t. 1–1a, 2. kép 1; Csallány 1972, 23; Simon
1991, 295. 16. kép 5; Garam 1992, 142. Taf. 35–36); Kölked–Feketekapu B grave No. 106 (Kiss
2001, 43–44, Taf. 32/9); Kölked–Feketekapu B grave No. 210 (Kiss 2001, 94–95, Taf. 64/15);
Madaras–Téglavető dűlő grave No. 28 (Rácz 1999, 350, 368).
264 Győr–Téglavető-dűlő grave No. 756 (Börzsönyi 1908, 210–211); Győr–Téglavető-dűlő grave
No. 802 (Börzsönyi 1908, 218).
265 Berettyóújfalu–Nagy Bócs-dűlő (Dani – Szilágyi – Szelekovszky – Czifra – Kisjuhász 2006,
16); Čoka–Kremenjak grave No. 45 (László 1943, 66–78; Kovrig – Korek 1960, 262, fig. 6;
Dimitrijević – Kovačević – Vinski 1962, 14–15; Mrkobrad 1980, 98, 152, LXXIX/7; Simon 1991,
289); Jászapáti–Nagyállás út grave No. 412 (Madaras 1994, 97, Taf. LI/9); Leithaprodersdorf
grave No. 123 (Mitscha-Mähreim 1957b, 32.Taf. VIII/14–15); Leobersdorf – Ziegelei Polsterer
grave No. 71 (Daim 1987, 241. Taf. 68/3); Madaras–Téglavető dűlő grave No. 23 (Rácz 1999,
349–350, 368); Tiszafüred–Majoros grave No. 326 (Garam 1995, 46. Abb. 19, 47, Taf. 83, 1–14;
Taf. 177/2); Wien–XXIII. Liesing grave No. 21 (Mossler 1975, 86, Taf. VI/1).
266 Müller 1989, Abb. 2, 143–147, Abb. 3–5.
267 Budinský-Krička – Točík 1984, 174, Obr. 1; Obr. 4–5; Budinský-Krička – Točík 1991, 25–26,
Taf. XII/7.
268 Budinský-Krička – Točík 1991, 49, Taf. XXXI/2.

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