Theories of Personality 9th Edition

Chapter 13 McCrae and Costa’s Five-Factor Trait Theory 391

anxious, temperamental, self-pitying, self-conscious, emotional, and vulnerable to
stress-related disorders. Those who score low on N are usually calm, even- tempered,
self-satisfied, and unemotional.
People who score high on extraversion tend to be affectionate, jovial, talkative,
joiners, and fun-loving. In contrast, low E scorers are likely to be reserved, quiet,
loners, passive, and lacking the ability to express strong emotion (see Table 13.1).

Extraversion

Neuroticism

Openness

Agreeableness

Conscientiousness

High Scores

affectionate

joiner

talkative

fun loving

active

passionate

anxious

temperamental

self-pitying

self-conscious

emotional

vulnerable

imaginative

creative

original

prefers variety

curious

liberal

softhearted

trusting

generous

acquiescent

lenient

good-natured

conscientious

hardworking

well-organized

punctual

ambitious

persevering

Low Scores

reserved

loner

quiet

sober

passive

unfeeling

calm

even-tempered

self-satisfied

comfortable

unemotional

hardy

down-to-earth

uncreative

conventional

prefers routine

uncurious

conservative

ruthless

suspicious

stingy

antagonistic

critical

irritable

negligent

lazy

disorganized

late

aimless

quitting

TABLE 13.1

Costa and McCrae’s Five-Factor Model of Personality