The Ancient Greek Economy. Markets, Households and City-States

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Table 12.2.

The Date and Origin of Commodities in Aegean-Levantine Trade, c. 600–300 BC

ENGLISH

ID

TEXT

ARCH

DAT E

ORIGIN

COP’D

Alabaster

alabaster*

G/S?

Ye s

BA

Levant, Egypt

yes

Alkanet

Anchousa tinctoria

G/S?

PP?

ubiquitous

Almond (oil)

Amygdalus communis*

G/S

yes

BA

ubiquitous

Alum

(various)

G

BA

Egypt

Amber

amber

G

yes

BA

Europe

Amomon

Amomum sublatum

G

PP?

Far East

Antimony

antimony

G/S

IA?

Levant?

Art works

N/A

G

yes

BA

ubiquitous

yes

Asafoetida (*Galbanum)Azurite

copper carbonate hydroxide

G?

yes

PP?

Levant

yes

Balanos (oil)

Balanites aegyptica

G

PP?

Egypt

Balm (*Myrrh)Balsam (*Myrrh)Bdellium (*Myrrh)Beryls (emerald)

beryl

G/S?

PP?

Far East?

yes?

Bitumen

bitumen

G/S

yes

PP?

Levant, Mid East

Black Cumin

Nigella sativa

yes

BA

Levant, Egypt

Calamus

Acorus calamus*

G/S

BA

Arabia, Levant

Chalcedony

(various)

G/S?

yes

BA

ubiquitous

Camel’s Thorn (aspalathus)

Alhagi spp.

*

G

PP

Levant?

Cardamom

Elettaria cardamomum

G

PP?

Far East

Cassia

Cinnamomum cassia

G/S

PP?

Far East

Castor Oil

Ricinus communis

G/S

PP

Egypt

Cats (leopard, cheetah)

Panthera pardus, Acinonyx jubatus

G

PP

Africa Asia Min?

Cedar

Cedrus libani

G/S

PP

Levant

Cerrusite (*Ochre)

lead carbonate

Chalk (*Gypsum)

calcium carbonate

(continued

)

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