ability to regulate metabolism effectively (Musso et al., 2010). This impairment makes it
more difficult for individuals to lose weight, as the liver cannot efficiently convert stored
fat into energy.
Furthermore, studies suggest that NAFLD is not just a consequence of obesity but may
also be a contributor to it. Dysfunctional liver metabolism in NAFLD patients leads to
altered lipid profiles, systemic inflammation, and hormonal imbalances—all of which
make weight loss more challenging.
Hormonal Regulation and the Liver
The liver also influences weight regulation through its role in hormone metabolism. It is
involved in the synthesis and breakdown of several hormones, including:
● Thyroid hormones : The liver converts inactive thyroid hormone (T4) to its active
form (T3), which regulates metabolic rate.
● Sex hormones : The liver metabolizes estrogen, testosterone, and other steroid
hormones, which can influence fat distribution.
● Adipokines : Hormones released by fat cells, such as leptin and adiponectin, are
processed by the liver and play a key role in appetite regulation and energy
balance.
Imbalances in these hormones due to liver dysfunction can lead to a slower metabolism,
increased hunger, and reduced satiety—all of which can sabotage weight loss efforts.
For example, research published in Hepatology International found that individuals with
NAFLD often exhibit leptin resistance, meaning the brain does not receive proper
signals to stop eating, even when sufficient calories have been consumed (Tilg &
Moschen, 2010).
Detoxification and Weight Loss
Another critical function of the liver is detoxification —neutralizing and eliminating toxins
from the body. This includes processing environmental pollutants, food additives,
alcohol, medications, and metabolic waste products.
Some theories, though still under scientific debate, suggest that an overburdened liver
may reduce its efficiency in breaking down and excreting fat-soluble toxins, potentially
leading to their storage in fat cells. While this "toxin storage" hypothesis is not yet fully