Energy consumption in tropical regions tends to be high due to the cooling demands. With global efforts to reduce
carbon footprints and promote sustainability, there is a growing need to design energy-efficient buildings that rely
on passive strategies, such as natural ventilation, daylight optimization, and shading, to reduce dependence on
mechanical systems.
Thus, balancing daylighting with thermal comfort becomes critical. While natural light can reduce the need for
artificial lighting and improve occupant well-being, excessive sunlight can lead to overheating and discomfort.
Architects must, therefore, design solutions that allow sufficient daylight while minimizing heat gain.
The case study focuses on a hypothetical four-story office building located in Chittagong, Bangladesh. Chittagong
experiences a hot, humid tropical climate characterized by high temperatures, significant solar exposure, and
heavy monsoonal rainfall. The study specifically examines the third floor of the building, chosen due to its interme-
diate position and exposure to external conditions.