SUMMER• 531deputy director of propaganda in enemy countries. Between the wars
he was a director of theTimesand in 1920 publishedSecrets of
Crewe House, an official history of British propaganda during World
War I. Stuart was named director of propaganda in 1939.SUEZ CANAL.The disastrous 1956 military intervention to recover
the Suez Canal after it had been nationalized by Egypt’s Colonel
Abdel Nasser was codenamedstraggle. TheSecret Intelligence
Serviceand the chairman of theJoint Intelligence Committee,Sir
Patrick Dean, played crucial roles.
SUFFOLK, EARL OF.The Ministry of Supply dispatched the 20th
Earl of Suffolk to France in May 1940 to retrieve the College de France’s stocks of uranium and heavy water to prevent them from falling into the hands of the Nazis, and to recover France’s strategic reserves of industrial diamonds and specialist machine tools. The two leading researchers in Paris, Hans von Halban and Lev Kowarski, had escaped with the College de France’s stock of Norwegian heavy
water in May, storing their precious cargo first in the Banque de
France vaults in Clermont-Ferrand and then in the women’s prison at
Mont Dore. Finally the dozen jerry cans were placed in the con-
demned cell at Riom prison, while von Halban, accompanied by his
wife and baby daughter, set up a temporary research laboratory in
the Clair Logis, a villa at Clermond-Ferrand.
The College de France’s plans to continue its work were inter- rupted by the swift German advance on Paris in June, and the deci- sion was taken to evacuate von Halban and Kowalski to Bordeaux where a British coaler, theBroompark, would take them to England. Escorted by Suffolk, his secretary Miss Morden, and his chauffeur Fred Hards, the 25 College de France physicists disembarked at Fal-
mouth and went by train to Paddington, where they were lodged at
the Great Western Hotel before being invited by (Sir) Ben Locks-
peiser and (Sir) Solly Zuckerman, on behalf of theMaud Commit-
tee, to be reunited with their heavy water at a small building just
inside theCavendish Laboratory’s compound in Cambridge. Lord
Suffolk was killed in action in 1941.
SUMMER. MI5code name for a Swedish journalist, Go ̈sta Caroli,
who arrived in Northamptonshire by parachute early in September