station chief in Bern, Switzerland. Dulles, however, had no intention
of reaching an agreement with the two declared war criminals and
hoped merely to exploit some of the cracks in the top leadership.
Kaltenbrunner, employing a forged passport in the name of military
doctor Josef Unterwogen, moved his headquarters to a villa in the
Styrian Alps near Altaussee.
Aided by Austrian resistance fighters, a patrol from the U.S. Third
Army captured Kaltenbrunner in April 1945 and placed him in a
military prison near Nordhausen. By November, he counted among
the 24 leading Nazi officials facing charges by the International Mili-
tary Tribunal in Nuremberg. Suffering a cerebral hemorrhage shortly
before the trial, he attended the sessions intermittently. His adamant
claims of innocence (“I have only done my duty as an intelligence
officer, and I refuse to serve as a substitute for Hitler”) proved to no
avail, and the court found him guilty of both war crimes and crimes
against humanity. He was hanged at a Nuremberg prison on 16 Oc-
tober 1946.KAMPFGESCHWADER 200 (KG 200). A Luftwaffe formation
designed expressly for covert operations, the Kampfgeschwader 200
(Battle Wing 200) was officially organized on 20 February 1944 and
equipped with a variety of aircraft, including some captured Allied
planes. The first unit handled agent insertion and support functions.
Other units were posted throughout Europe wherever needed and
flew to destinations in North Africa and the Middle East. KG 200
also oversaw plans for German suicide missions patterned after the
Japanese kamikaze efforts, but Adolf Hitler squelched the notion in
March 1945. The initial commander of KG 200, Heinrich Heigl, was
replaced in October 1944 by bomber pilot Werner Baumbach, who
remained in charge until May 1945, despite having earlier written to
Luftwaffe chief Hermann Göring about the futility of continuing the
war. See also FALLSCHIRMAGENT.
KAMPFGRUPPE GEGEN UNMENSCHLICHKEIT (KgU). The
most militant of the early underground organizations directed at the
German Democratic Republic (GDR), the Kampfgruppe gegen Un-
menschlichkeit (Fighting Group against Inhumanity) was established
in October 1948. Based in West Berlin, it was initially headed by
218 • KAMPFGESCHWADER