Historical Dictionary of Israeli Intelligence

terrorists. The events of 11 September 2001 in the United States did

much to assuage Danish feelings against Gillon. On conclusion of his

ambassadorial post, Gillon was elected mayor of Mevasseret Yerusha-

layim, a small town in the Jerusalem hills.

GINOSSAR, YOSEF (YOSSI) (1946–2004).Ginossar served as deputy

director of the Israeli Security Agency(ISA). During his career in the

ISA, he was involved in the most infamous intelligence scandals in Is-

rael. The first is known as the Nafsu Affair. In 1980 Ginossar sus-

pected an Israel Defense Forces (IDF) officer, Lieutenant Izzat Nafsu,

of treason. Under brutal torture administered by Ginossar himself, the

innocent Nafsu admitted guilt. In the military court Ginossar commit-

ted perjury in denying the infliction of torture, and Nafsu was sen-

tenced to 18 years’ imprisonment. An investigatory committee chaired

by Justice Moshe Landau later found that Ginossar himself had had

doubts as to Nafsu’s guilt and yet had not shrunk from committing per-

jury to get him convicted. Nafsu was eventually cleared and released.

The second massive scandal was Ginossar’s involvement in the

Bus 300 Affairin 1984 in which ISA operatives killed two captured

and disarmed terrorists. A semijudicial commission was set up—the

so-called Zorea Commission—of which Ginossar was a member.

He betrayed his trust and leaked information and also advised the

ISA how to maneuver the committee to obliterate the truth. Ginossar

was forced to retire as deputy director of the ISA in 1987, largely on

account of these two scandals and his perjury.

When a Labor government returned to power in Israel in 1992, Gi-

nossar, by then a prominent member of the Labor party, was nomi-

nated for the post of director-general of the Housing Ministry. How-

ever, the Supreme Court intervened and ordered his dismissal

because of his nefarious career in the ISA. Ginossar became a private

businessman. Later he acted as personal envoy of three prime minis-

ters to the Palestinian Authority. In this capacity, he was involved in

yet another scandal, namely, setting up Yasser Arafat’s secret finan-

cial empire. Ginossar died at the age of 58 of cancer.

GLADNIKOFF, MARIANNE.Gladnikoff, a young Swedish woman,

in 1973 was a member of Mossad’s team assigned to assassinate Ali

Hassan Salameh. The team misidentified an innocent Moroccan

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