whom were Arabs; the rest were Jewish students at Hebrew Univer-
sity in Jerusalem and the University of Haifa. It opposed the exis-
tence of a Zionist Israel and did not even accept the 1947 United Na-
tions resolution adopting a plan to partition Palestine into a Jewish
and an Arab state. Matzpen advocated a profound transformation of
the Middle East by revolutionary means.
In Matzpen, Turki met two Israeli Jews, Ehud (Udi) Adiv and Dan
Vered. Both were students at the University of Haifa. Adiv and Vered
were Communist-oriented but they regarded the legal Israeli Com-
munist party as too moderate. The three men formed an even more
radical underground organization called the Revolutionary Commu-
nist Alliance–Red Front, which aimed to commit sabotage acts in Is-
rael and embark on an armed struggle. Among other active members
recruited were Subhi Naarani, an Israeli Bedouin; Annis Kaarawi
from an Arab village in the Galilee; and Simon Haddad, a student at
the University of Haifa. The organization was structured as three
cells. Members of one cell did not know the members of other cells.
Turki himself contacted only the heads of the three cells.
In October 1970 Khawarji informed Turki about the delivery from
Syria to the newly established group of shipments of arms and ex-
plosives to be smuggled into Israel across the Lebanese border. Turki
was instructed to listen to the Syrian radio broadcasting codes based
on texts from the Quran.
In summer 1971 Adiv was assigned to recruit Jews and send them
to Syria for sabotage training. In September that year he flew to
Athens, from where he cabled his contacts in Beirut and signed his
code name “Musa.” He specified details of the Israel Defense Forces
(IDF) paratroop units, the deployment of IDF armored units, airfields
of the Israel Air Force, and sites of surface-to-air defenses. Adiv per-
suaded Vered to go to Syria and paid him $700. Vered flew via
Greece to Syria, where he underwent training in weapons, explo-
sives, and codes. On one of Adiv’s trips to Greece, he sent his letters
to Syria using invisible ink. Later Adiv spent 10 days in Syria, where
he prepared a 20-page report detailing the political, economic, and
military situation in Israel. On that visit he underwent further train-
ing in sabotage.
The existence of the organization became known to the Israeli Se-
curity Agency(ISA), which carried out surveillance on extremistTURKI, DAOUD• 29506-102 (04) Q-Z.qxd 3/24/06 7:26 AM Page 295