munist PartyCentral Committee member (and later premier) Alek-
sei Kosygin, and this connection apparently saved him.- H –
HALL, JAMES (1957– ). An important chapter of the KGBand Stasi
partnership was the recruitment and running of James Hall. He vol-
unteered to the KGB in Berlin and was run by the Stasi. The East
German service also recruited a Turk Hall had known in Berlin to act
as a courier. Hall was motivatedto spy by both money and ego, and
he received approximately $300,000 for his espionage. He told a
KGB case officer: “I wasn’t terribly short of money. I just didn’t want
to worry about where my next dollar was coming from. I am not anti-
American. I can wave the flag as well as the next guy.” Hall had ac-
cess to highly classified U.S. technical intelligence secrets as a war-
rant officer, which enabled the KGB’s 16th (Signals Intelligence)
Chief Directorate to understand the strengths and weaknesses of
American signals intelligence. Moscow even dispatched a signals in-
telligence officer from Moscow to debrief Hall. Both the KGB and
Stasirated Hall’s information as of critical importance.
Hall was identified by an East German agent of the Central Intel-
ligence Agency, arrested in 1988, and tried by a military court mar-
tial in March 1989. Hall pled guilty, agreed to cooperate with the U.S.
authorities, and received a 40-year sentence. The Turkish courier re-
ceived a life sentence for his part in several other operations. Ac-
cording to a senior American counterintelligenceofficer, the Hall
case was a textbook illustration of KGB doctrine. “When recruiting
Americans, ego is second only to money as a motivator.”HALL, THEODORE ALVIN (1926–2003). One of the most impor-
tant Soviet penetrations of the American nuclear weapons program
was through Ted Hall, who volunteered to work for the Soviet intel-
ligence service while still an undergraduate at Harvard in 1944.
While a researcher at Los Alamos, he passed critical weapons infor-
mation to the Soviet service. Hall was introduced to Soviet intelli-
gence by his friend Saville Sax. Because of the slight difference in
their ages, Sax was codenamed “Star” (Old), while Hall was “Mlad”HALL, THEODORE ALVIN (1926–2003) • 11106-313 G-P.qxd 7/27/06 7:56 AM Page 111