Historical Dictionary of United States Intelligence

Intelligence Agency (CIA) for much of 1962. FBI Director J. Edgar

Hooverbypassed CIAcounterintelligencechief James J. Angleton

and sent reports straight to President John F. Kennedy.

However, the FBI brought the CIA into the loop by 1963, espe-

cially because the FBI had to provide Fedora and Top Hat “feed ma-

terial,” doctored or low-grade intelligence, to keep their KGB han-

dlers satisfied. But the very nature of Fedora’s approach to the FBI

had caused suspicion, and the double agents failed to receive the full

trust of the FBI and CIA, so much so that Angleton to the end of his

life believed Fedora to be a Soviet disinformation agent.

FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK (FinCEN).

As reflected in its name, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network

is a network bringing people and information together to fight the

complex problem of money laundering. Since its creation in 1990,

FinCEN has worked to maximize information sharing among law en-

forcement agencies and its other partners in the regulatory and finan-

cial communities.

FinCEN’s mission is to support law enforcement investigative ef-

forts and foster interagency and global cooperation against domestic

and international financial crimes and to provide U.S. policymakers

with strategic analyses of domestic and worldwide money laundering

developments, trends, and patterns. To accomplish this, FinCEN col-

lects, analyzes, and shares information and implements the Bank Se-

crecy Act and other Treasury authorities through technological assis-

tance. The organization consists of approximately 200 employees,

the majority of whom are intelligence professionals, specialists from

the financial industry, and technology experts. In addition, there are

approximately 40 long-term detailers from 20 different law enforce-

ment and regulatory agencies.

FINDING. Afinding is a presidential authorization for a covert action.

First mandated by the 1974Hughes-Ryan Amendment, findings are

now an essential part of the intelligence landscape. Atypical finding

originates in the policy channels of the National Security Council

(NSC) or the Department of Defense(DOD) and winds its way

through the planning and review process in the Central Intelligence

Agency (CIA). Acovert action proposal may be modified or scrapped

at any time in the process, including at the level of the director of

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