Confucian Statecraft and Korean Institutions. Yu Hyongwon and the Late Choson Dynasty - James B. Palais
NOTES TO CHAPTER 6 1059
- KRS 85:43a-h, Ch'ungnyolwang 24.1 (1298), cited in Hong Silnggi, KoryrJ kwi-
jok sa/we wa nobi, p. 106.
- Hong mentioned that Kang Chinch'ol's opinion to the contrary, the 1298 decree
meant that only the domestic slaves of the yangban were exempted from service while
their outside resident slaves were liahle for it hecause in the early Choson period out-
side resident slaves were responsible for miscellaneous labor service (yoyiik). Hong,
however, felt that the latter rule was an early Choson innovation. Hong, Kory6 kwijok
sahoe wa nobi, pp. 106, [15-Q, 230-31. 251, 254-58: Kang Chinch\')I, Koryo t'oji
chedo yon' gu, p. 302.
- Hiraki Makoto, Chason hugi nobije yon 'gu, p. 183.
- Suda, "Nuhi no kenkyu," part 4, pp. 4 13-20: Kameda Keiji, "Korai no nuhi," part
2, pp. 29-34: Hong Silnggi, Koryo kwijok sa/we wa nobi. pp. 106, 115-17. 230-3 I, 25 I,
254-58; Hiraki Makoto, ChOS()fl hugi nohije yon'gu, p. 183; Arii Tomonori, "Richa
hojugun ka" [A study of the auxiliary soldiers of the Yi dynasty]. ChOsen gakuho 31
(April 1965):21-22: Ch'on Kwan'u, "Choson ch'ogi Owi ili pyongjong" [Types of sol-
diers in the early Choson five guards], Sahak YrJn'gu 18 (September 1965):59-95; Hiraki
Makoto, Chosi5n hugi nohije y6n'gu, pp. 153-54. Yi Chaeryong claims that all oppor-
tunitie» for manumission, presumahly hy service in the auxiliaries, were closed off after
- but he does not cite his source. Vi. "Choson cht'in'gi ili nohi yon'gu," p. 180.
- Min Hyon'gu, "Kilnse Choson chon'gi kunsa chedo lli songnip" [The establish-
ment of the early modern military system in the early Choson period]," in Yukkun sag-
wan hakkyo Han'guk kunsa yon'gusiL cd., Han 'guk kUlljesa: kunse Choson chiin'gi-p 'yiJn
[The history of the Korean military system: The early modern early Choson period) (N.p.:
Yukkun ponbu, 1968), pp. 214-22.
79· Ibid., pp. 153-55·
- Siil/jo sujong sillok 26, Sonjo 25-4.kimi (1592). The S(Jae .li5l/saeng mUl/jip [The
collected works of Teacher Yu Songny6J] 16, Kiran hum [Record of the aftermath of the
invasions], gives the date of imjin (1592) 4.30 for the attack and burning of the slave
records, cited by Hiraki Makoto, Chos6n hugi nobije YrJn 'gu, p. 153.
- Hiraki Makoto, ChosrJn hllgi nohije YrJll 'gu, pp. 154-65.
- Ibid., pp. 185-87: idem, "Sipch'il segi e iss6so ili nobi chongnyang" IThe attain-
ment of commoner status by slaves in the seventeenth century J, Han 'guksa yi5n 'gu 3
(March 1969): roo ff; Ch'a Munsop, "Sonjojo ili Hullyon-dogam" [The military training
agency ofSonjo's reignj, Sahakchi 4 (November 1(70): 11-30; Ch'a Munsop, "Chosonjo
hugi iii yongjang e tachayo" [The y/illgja!lg of the late Choson dynasty], Sach Img. 12-13
(September 1968):495-518; Chon Hyongt'aek, ChosrJn hugi nobi sinbull yon'gu, pp.
169-70; James B. Palais, Politics and Policy in Traditional Korea (Cambridge, Mass:
Harvard University Press, 1975): p. 89.
- Chon Hyongt'ack found that only 14 percent of the list of 69 official slaves who
died without heirs from 1677-1764 owned enough land to generate enough of a surplus
to purchase freedom. Chosi5n hl/gi !lobi sinhu!l YrJl1'gu, p. 267. For the reference to 1m
Pok. see Hiraki Makoto, Chosl5n hugi nohije Yr!n 'guo p. 166.
- Hiraki Makoto, "Sipch'il scgi e issoso ili nobi chongnyang:' pp. 100-T05. Man-
