- chapter 23: Numbers and reckoning –
17 See also Facchetti 2000: 22 (quoting A. J. Pfi ffi g), with different opinions.
18 About the use of high cyphres in religious context, see also number MMMCCC, “3,300,” on
the lead plaque of S. Marinella, probably inscribed with an oracular response (Maras 2009:
282).
19 Edlund-Berry 2006: 120.
20 De Grummond 2006: 42 ff.; Mora 2008: 173 ff.
21 A complete survey of ages of deceased people as recorded by epitaphs has been given in Turfa
forthcoming, with further statistical and medical considerations.
22 Bonfante 2005: 159 f.
23 Mora 2008.
24 See respectively Belfi ore 2010: 55 ff., with further bibliography, and Cristofani 1995.
25 Macr., sat., I, 15; see also Varro, l.L., VI, 28.
26 Maras 2009: 352 ff.
27 Maras 2009: 363.
28 Torelli 1986: 215 f.; Van der Meer 2011: 117 ff.
29 Van der Meer 2011: 86
30 Campbell 2000: 134 and 384; Van der Meer 2011: 86 f.
31 Campbell 2000: 256 ff.; Bonfante 2005: 155.
32 De Grummond 2006: 41 f.
33 Dilke 1971: 32 f.
34 Edlund-Berry 2006: 118 f.; Van der Meer 2011: 91.
35 Van der Meer 2011: 88 ff.
36 Colonna 2006: 132 ff.
37 Campbell 2000: xlv.
38 Dilke 1971: 33; Van der Meer 2011: 88.
39 De Grummond 2006: 44 ff.
40 van der Meer 1987: 9 ff. and 22 ff.
41 van der Meer 1987: 147 ff.
42 Maras 2009: 226 f., with further bibliography; Van der Meer 2011: 91.
43 Belfi ore 2010: 138, with some different opinions.
44 Van der Meer 2011: 95.
45 Van der Meer 1987: 28 f.; Fiorini 2005: 291 and 298 f., with further bibliography.
46 Maggiani 1982: 77 f. On astrological and near-eastern infl uences in the cosmos of the liver,
see also with different opinions Torelli 1986: 196; Van der Meer 1987: 153 ff.
47 Facchetti 2000: 14.
48 Cifani 2008: 239 f.
49 L. Quilici, in Emiliozzi (ed.) 1999: 75.
50 A forthcoming work on building systems in Archaic Etruria has been discussed as a PhD
thesis in Rome by B. Belelli Marchesini in 1994 (title: L’edilizia in Etruria meridionale dal VII
al IV secolo a.C.: tecniche e accorgimenti costruttivi). See also Belelli Marchesini, forthcoming.
51 Ridley 2005: 102; Cifani 2008: 239; Mura Sommella 2009: 338.
52 Cherici 2006: 19 ff., who points out a possible relationship with observation of the sky and
divination, and Cherici 2007. On close relationships between architectural proportions and
mathematics in Etruria, see Cavalieri 2008.
53 Maggiani 2002 and 2007. See also recently Pare 1999.
54 For further bibliography, see N. K. Rutter, A. M. Burnett, M. H. Crawford, et al., Historia
numorum. Italy, London, British Museum Press, 2001, 23–42; and lastly the contributions of
A. Burnett, I. Vecchi and specially of N. Vismara in a thematic section on numismatics of
Etruscan Studies, 10, 2004: 81–116.
55 Plin., nat. hist., XVIII, 12.
56 Pallottino 1993: 260 f.