extremely similar and indeed Steinkeller ( 1999 : 121 note 61 ) relates the two titles and posits that the
latter was the primary. Furthermore, the ancients considered SAL.NUNUZ.ZI.dNANNA a Diri-
compound which is a combination of several cuneiform signs in which the whole has a
pronunciation and meaning that differs from that of its constituents (Civil 1995 : 2310 ).
9 UET 29 i 3
10 UET 2 348iv 2 , see discussion below.
11 Enh
̆
eduana, Frayne RIME 2. 1. 1. 16.
12 En-ane-pada, Edzard RIME 3 / 1. 1. 6. 12.
13 En-ana-tuma, Frayne RIME 4. 1. 4. 3.
14 En-ana-tuma, Frayne RIME 4. 1. 5. 2.
15 In the standard recension of Diri IV 58 f. (MSL XV 152 ), there is no mention of Nansˇe, the title
of her priest has been given to Ea and the title of Ea’s priest (written EN.ME.LAGAR) has been
given to Nisaba. However, in the section SAL.LAGAR (Diri IV 178 f., MSL XV 158 ), the
compound is identified as that of the Ea with glosses, ú-su-uh
̆
and e-mesˇ. Foxvog ( 2007 ) suggested
that the position of enof Nansˇe in the Early Dynastic hierarchy was taken by the ábgal (written
NUN.ME.KAGÁNtenû).
16 Ur-dNingirsu, Frayne RIME 3 / 2. 1. 2. 2032 , 3 / 2. 1. 5. 2005 , 3 / 2. 2. 1. 1 - 2 ; Ur-dNansˇe Frayne RIME
3 / 2. 2. 2. 1 ; see Cavigneaux 1991 b. In this period there seems to be an additional title: En-me-zi-an-
na, which occasionally precedes sˇennu. For a variant En-zi-an-na, see d’Agostino and Pomponio
2005 : no. 50 sealing.
17 This title does occur in the same section in the listing of cult officials but further down in the
listing of the ME clerics: IAS 46 x 9 , see Mander 1986 : 103 – 108 (p. 106 : 5 ). It is missing in the
lacuna in Deimel SF 57.
18 MSL 15 OEC 4 pl. xxix col vii line 52 Frayne RIME 3 / 2 p. 218 reads e-nu-um sˇadad-kù.
19 For the [b] ~ [g] alternation in this lexeme, see Civil 1973 : 60.
20 The entry in OB Proto-Lu 235 adds a ME: EN.ME.dINANA. For a review of the lexical sources
pertaining to this title, see Steinkeller 1999 : 127 , note 84.
21 For a discussion of the clergy of Eridu in the Proto-Lu entries, see Charpin 1986 : 379 ff.
22 W 21671 , ATU 7 , pl. 77 , see Englund 1998 : 127 and CDLI P 004434. For a treatment of this text,
see Wu 2005 : 446 – 447.
23 TuM NF 47 iii 7 –iv 19 , see Westenholz 1989 : 552 – 555 Text B = ETCSL 4. 13. 03 (Nanna C). The
two editions have different line numbering so they will be cited as according to the line
numbering in Westenholz l 989 and the ETCSL line numbering will be given in parenthesis.
24 For discussion on insignia, paraphernalia and attire of en-ship, see Westenholz 2006 : 36 – 37.
25 Steinkeller ( 2003 : 636 ) maintains that the opposite configuration: the eresˇ-digˆirpriestess was
subsidiary to the lú-mah
̆
- priest in the service of BaU based on his mention in one year date and
on later literary compositions. However, in administrative texts from Lagasˇ, the order is isˇib of
Ningirsu—eresˇ-digˆirof BaU—lú-mah
̆
of BaU (e.g. MVN 17 iii 13 – 17 ). See also Sallaberger and
Huber Vulliet 2003 – 2005 : 628.
26 As to the hierarchy in Umma, the situation seems to be ambiguous. While Sallaberger and Huber
Vulliet ( 2003 – 2005 : 628 ) maintain that thelú-mah
̆- priest in the service of Sˇara was subsidiary, the
evidence from the administrative texts seems to list thelú-mah
̆ - priest before the egi-zi-mah
̆
.
27 See in general, Steinkeller 2005 and Huber Vulliet 2010 : 143 – 144. The third millennium form is
egi(igi) rather than égi. The addition of an-nais also of Old Babylonian date.
28 Sallaberger and Huber Vulliet ( 2003 – 2005 : 630 ) suggest that the nu-èsˇ was the equivalent of gudu 4
in central Babylonia.
29 The association of the title damDN ‘spouse of a divinity’ and the en cannot be proven on the
basis of known facts. There are two references to damDN in Sumerian sources: dam nu-gigof
Mesanepada of Ur (Frayne RIME 1. 13. 5. 2 ) on the assumption that nu-gigstands for Inana and not
the priestess, and dam Nansˇeof a priest Ur-Nimin (Frayne RIME 1. 9. 1. 17 ). For the relation of
Inana as nu-gigand the king, see Zgoll 1997 b: 192 – 194. The latter reference does indeed
–– Joan Goodnick Westenholz ––