- Trade and Exchange -
Figure 13.3 Distribution of late La nne painted pottery. (From Kimmig 1983: 75, fig. 64,
adapted from Maier 1970; reproduced with permission from the Romisch-Germanisches
Zentralmuseum, Mainz.)
Mediterranean shores, were in contact with peoples such as Greeks, Etruscans and
Romans. Similar developments in trade and technology occurred in many different
lands on the fringes of the Mediterranean at about the same time. North of the Black
Sea and in Iberia, for example, patterns of change were similar to those in Celtic
Europe (Boardman 1980).
Amidst growth of connections between the Mediterranean world and temperate
Europe, trade interactions intensified during two periods in particular, one in the
latter half of the Early Iron Age, 600-450 BC, the other in the final two centuries
before Christ. The first was contemporaneous with Greek colonial expansion
throughout the Mediterranean Basin (Kimmig 1983; Les Princes celtes 1988), the
second with the development of mass-production in the Roman world (Dyson 1988)
and Roman expansion into southern Gaul during the second century BC (Timpe
1985: 271, 280; Rivet 1988). The changes in trade in Celtic Europe need to be viewed
in the context of these related developments (Wells 1984).
Trade goods are found in the context of three principal types of archaeological
sites in Celtic Europe - settlements, graves and hoards.
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