high-explosive shells 67
Hindenburg, P. von 8 6, 8 7, 89
Hindenburg Line 88 , 8 9, 90
hindsight 4–5
Hirohito, Emperor 17 8
Hiroshima 17 8 , 205, 20 8
Hirst, P. 19
historical context 12
Hitler, A. 11, 39, 99, 106, 112, 149, 154;
alleged mistakes 151–3; course of
World War II 129–30, 134, 135–6,
137, 13 8 , 139; Holocaust 140–1;
intentions 126, 127– 8 , 143, 270;
Mein Kampf144–5; nuclear weapons 20 8 ;
political and strategic achievements
109–11; purpose and role in the war
144–6
Hoffman, B. 249
Hoffmann, M. 86
Holocaust 124–5, 140–1
honour, fear and interest 2, 5, 79
hooliganism 249–50
Howard, M. 62, 270, 277
‘Hundred Days Campaign’ 92
Hungary 195–6
Hutier tactics 93
Hutus 232
hydrogen weapons 209–10, 2 8 3;
see alsonuclear weapons
ideology 105; COIN and 252;
see alsoNazism
Imperial Guard 41–2
imperial overstretch 2
incompetence: Germany’s defeat in
World War II 150–3; World War I 7 8 ,
8 0–1
indirect fire 67
Indo-China 165, 166, 16 8
Industrial Revolution 51, 61; implications of
54–9
infantry: Napoleon 42; revolution in
firepower 1 8 40–1914 65–6; World War I
93
influenza, Spanish 105
information, uncertainty of 26
information revolution 8 , 56, 57, 240–2
institution building 277
insurgency 246–53, 2 8 3; see alsoirregular
warfare
intelligence 2 8 ; COIN 252; German
weakness in World War II 132–3;
World War II 14 8
interaction 193
inter-capitalist conflicts 190–1
interest, fear and honour 2, 5, 79
Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces (INF)
treaty 199
internal combustion engine 54
International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (World Bank) 1 88
international community 271–2, 2 83
international cooperation 10 8 –9
International Monetary Fund (IMF) 1 88
international order seenew world orders
International Treaty for the Renunciation of
War as an Instrument of National Policy
(Kellogg-Briand Pact) 29, 107, 161
interwar period 99–114, 271; changing
political context 106–12; contrasting
decades 99–100; new world order
268 –71; Versailles and legacy of World
War I 100–6
interwar thesis of 1990s 219–21
IRA 259
Iran 19 8
Iraq 237; First Gulf War 57, 222, 227, 22 8 –9;
insurgency 260; US and British invasion
of 2003 23 8 –9
Iriye, A. 16 8
irregular warfare 245–63, 2 8 3; guerrilla
warfare, insurgency and terrorism
246–53; overview 253–6; regular soldiers’
approach to combating 256; regular
warfare and 245–6; tactics adopted by
irregulars 254–5; see alsoterrorism
Islam 56; reform and combating Islamic
fundamentalism 261
Islamic fundamentalism 9, 235, 259–61; al
Qaeda seeal Qaeda; 9/11 219, 235–40,
256, 274–5
island fortresses, network of 169, 171, 176,
177– 8 , 1 81
Italy 53, 72, 131, 132, 13 8
Iwo Jima 17 8Jacobin Terror 39
Japan 23; ‘Guidelines’ document 16 8 ;
relations with USA and drift to war
162–6; sea power in nineteenth century300 Index