peace 275–7; construction of 277; meanings
of 275–6; and order 266–7; and war 8 –9,
155; war–peace cycle 8 –9, 264–5
Pearl Harbor 162; Japanese attack on 127,
157, 171, 173, 174, 1 81
peasants, as soldiers 57
Peierls, R. 20 8
penetration 8 0–1, 92
percussion caps 65
perestroika(restructuring) 199
Perret, G. 2
pessimist-realists 264
Peters, R. 259
Philippine Sea, Battle of 175, 177, 1 81
Philippines 162, 162–3, 165, 169, 177– 8
Pitt the Younger, W. 33–4
plastics 54
poison gas 94
Poland 36, 104, 105; Russian war with 100;
Solidarity 200; Soviet refusal to assist
uprising against Germany 1 88 –9; World
War II 127– 8 , 129–30, 152
policy 22–3; policy logic and grammar of
war 26–7, 29; policy reason 24–5
policy-makers, military understanding by 29
political commissars 3 8
politicians, relationship with soldiers 7– 8 ,
154
politics: Clausewitz on link between politics
and war 22–3; COIN and undercutting the
irregular enemy 253; interwar years
106–12; motives for World War I 7 8 –9;
Napoleon’s political failure 46– 8 ;
nineteenth century 69–73; political
context 2, 10; relationship between war
and 6, 154
Portugal 46
post-Cold War decade 219–34, 266, 273–4;
African anarchy 231–2; First Gulf War
57, 222, 227, 22 8 –9; interwar thesis
219–21; ‘new wars’ and ‘old wars’
225–32; unipolar world 221–4; Wars of
Yugoslavian Succession 223, 224, 225–7,
229–31
Powell, C. 239
Prague coup 194 8 18 9, 192
Pratt, E.A. 5 8
precision firepower 241–2
preservation of food 5 8
principles of war 20–2
prisoners of war (POWs) 125, 173
progress 264
Prussia 1 8 , 36, 70–1; Great War with France
37, 3 8 , 41, 46–7; war with France 1 8 70–1
63–4, 64–5, 71
public opinion 59; League of Nations and
269; public sympathy and terrorism 257Quadruple Alliance 70racism 163
radar 119
railways 5 8 , 61
raising an army 2 8
Reagan, R. 19 8 , 215
reason 24–5
reconnaissance-strike complexes 201, 2 83
Record, J. 111, 112
regular warfare 245–6, 2 8 3; regular soldiers
and dealing with irregular warfare 256
Reid, B.H. 64
Reign of Terror 39
Reinsurance Treaty 72
reparations 101–2, 104, 2 83
repayment of war loans 102
resources deficit 149
revolution in military affairs (RMA) 115–16,
28 4; information-led 240–2; see also
mechanization of war
revolutions 37, 39; American 7, 55; French 9,
37–9, 55, 62
Reykjavik Summit 267
Rhineland 101, 107, 110–11
rifles 65–6
Riga, Treaty of 100
Roberts, A. 247
Roberts, G. 129
Robespierre, M. 39
rockets, long-range 209
Romantic movement 1 8
Rommel, E. 44, 152
Roosevelt, F.D. 134–5, 146, 173, 271, 272
Rosen, S.P. 17
routinization of invention 54
Rumsfeld, D.H. 219, 235
Rundstedt, G. von 130
Russia 270; alliance with France 72; interwar
period 100, 104, 105, 10 8 ; Japan’s
expulsion of Russia from Korea 160–1;
Napoleon 46, 47; 1990s 225; nineteenthIndex 303