and events (such as the fall of Sidon in 701 , lamented in Isaiah 23 ) strongly resonate in
the oracles.
49. See Bredin,Studies in the Book of Tobit.
50. Vaux,Nineveh and Persepolis, 62 – 67 ; Bonomi,Nineveh and Its Palaces, 52 – 57 ,
79 – 80.
51. Howitt,History of the Supernatural, 276.
52. Rennell,Geography System of Herodotus, 512 – 535.
53. On the representation of the Assyrian Empire in Isaiah, see Machinist, “Assyria.”
54. Oppenheim, “Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian Empires,” 133.
55. Parker,Mechanics of Empire, 396.
56. A quick survey shows that variations on the term “end of the earth” occurs
fifteen times in the biblical books, excluding the Psalms. The breakdown is five times in
each prophet: Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel.
57. Parker, “Garrisoning the Empire.”
58. Parpola, “Assyrian Identity,” 4.
59. Hamilton, “The Past as Destiny,” 217.
60. The wordAretzis translated differently. The King James Version says, “Thou
hadst removed it far unto all the ends of the earth.” The Oxford Bible has: “you have
extended all frontiers of the country.”
61. See Gallagher,Sennacherib’s Campaign to Judah, 22 – 90. Gallagher shows
that the prophecies of Isaiah were delivered around the time of the invasion and
not after.
62. See Na’aman, “Hezekiah”; Finkelstein and Silberman,Bible Unearthed,
251 – 264. Sennacherib, on the other hand, was apparently very embarrassed after this
setback and labored hard to cover up his defeat in Palestine. See Laato, “Assyrian
Propaganda,” 215 – 226.
63. For a summary of this period, see Finkelstein and Silberman,Bible Unearthed,
149 – 296.
64 .SeeSweeney,King Josiah of Judah;Liverani,Israel’s History, 171 – 182.
65. Finkelstein and Silberman,Bible Unearthed, 289 – 292.
66. Halpern,First Historians, 276.
67. For a summary of these events, see Liverani,Israel’s History, 183 – 199.
68. Ibid., 363 – 368.
69. See Halpern,First Historians;Finkelstein and Silberman,Bible Unearthed,
283 – 298.
70. See, for example, Dever,What Did the Biblical Writers Know;Levin and Mazar,
ha-Pulmus ‘al ha-Emet ha-Historit ba-Mikra.
71. Na’aman, “Forced Participation”; Na’aman, “Tiglath-pileser III’s Campaigns.”
72. Younger, “Deportations of the Israelites,” 221 – 222.
73. See a summary of these events in Finkelstein and Silberman,Bible Unearthed,
251 – 274.
74. On prophecies as foretelling, see McKenzie,How to Read the Bible, 67 – 90.
75. Peckham,History and Prophecy, 133 – 134.
76. I borrow the notion of “becoming lost” from Pamela Barmash’s superbly
researched essay, where she argues that the tribes were lost through the ways in which
lu
(lu)
#1