Donors 34, 65, 71, 87, 91–2, 97, 112,
116, 126, 141–4, 209, 219, 226,
247–8, 261, 284, 293
Drain of surplus 75, 146–7, 183, 194,
198–9, 204, 268, 285, 289
Drinking water 36, 86, 124, 133
East Asia 6, 31, 42, 47, 54, 58–9, 63,
75, 77, 83, 87, 89, 91, 98, 125, 164,
216–17, 233, 241, 245, 258, 271,
293–4
Econometrics 53, 215
Ecuador 124, 127
Education 1–2, 5–10, 12–3, 19, 22–3,
26–32, 34, 37, 39, 41–2, 50–3, 55,
59, 62, 64, 69, 76–7, 80–1, 83–4,
86, 89–97, 112, 114, 116–32, 135,
139, 141–2, 144–5, 166, 170–2,
175–6, 180–1, 183, 185, 188,
190–2, 194, 202–4, 207, 211, 238,
240, 251–2, 254, 257, 259, 262,
264–5, 268, 270, 276, 283, 287,
290–2, 294–5, 298–300
higher 5, 69, 259, 291
primary 2, 9–10, 16, 30, 34, 51, 55,
69, 81, 90, 123–31, 152, 244,
259, 276, 291, 294
quality 23, 29, 51, 123–5, 127
secondary 16, 30, 34, 51, 55, 59, 81,
95, 119, 123, 124, 126, 187, 265
tertiary 30, 81
Egypt 12, 30, 149, 155, 184, 191, 197,
237
El Salvador 243
Electricity 102, 106–7, 127, 174, 196,
198, 220, 291, 295
Electronics 59, 106–7, 116, 174, 236,
248, 298
Empowerment 30, 51, 117, 299–300
Enclave 197
Enclosure 16, 228
Energy 5, 13–14, 20, 27, 35, 72–3, 82,
88, 102, 113, 129, 155, 239, 245,
291
England 1, 9, 14–18, 20, 29, 37–8, 56,
101, 102, 130, 136, 148, 156,
158–62, 164–5, 168, 187, 195,
199–200, 218, 222, 228, 239, 241,
242, 245, 256, 288, 295–6, 301
Entrepreneur 16, 19, 24, 50, 65, 70–3,
85, 146, 159–60, 168, 185, 213,
223, 238, 248, 251, 256, 276, 282,
291
Environment 12–14, 21, 23, 26–7, 34,
62, 76–7, 79, 82, 109, 127, 133,
146, 185, 204, 210, 214, 216, 243,
245, 248, 264, 291, 295, 299
Eritrea 260, 262
Ethiopia 2, 24, 35, 82, 119–20, 135,
188, 201, 236, 260, 262
Ethnicity 52, 145, 190–1, 201, 204,
224, 240–1, 252, 258–62, 265, 267,
298, 301
Europe 1–5, 9–12, 17–20, 30, 32,
38–9, 44, 79, 81, 85, 90, 102–3,
137, 147–51, 153–8, 160, 174,
184–9, 192, 194–6, 200, 201,
216–8, 233–5, 237, 239, 241–2,
246, 250, 252, 255–7, 268, 270–4,
280, 283, 286–8, 295–6
Exchange rate 25, 47, 49, 54, 68,
70–1, 179, 198, 275, 277, 291
Exploitation 12, 14, 43, 63, 113, 183,
198, 202, 266, 284–5
Exports 6, 9, 11, 19, 24, 26, 43, 48,
54, 59, 65, 70–3, 76, 78, 83–4, 98,
103–7, 112, 114–16, 146, 162, 164,
170–1, 173–81, 186, 190, 192–3,
195, 197–9, 201–2, 217, 224, 228,
235, 237, 239, 240, 246, 248–9,
256, 261, 268–71, 273–5, 277–83,
285, 291, 298
Externalities 90, 104, 123, 125, 134,
247, 275–6
Extractive state 183–93, 200, 204,
208,216–7, 300Factors of production 5–7, 23, 49,
55–7,59, 98–9, 169, 234, 282
Family planning 91, 141, 254, 299
Famine 28, 30, 61, 79, 80, 85–6, 108,
152, 187, 202, 300–1
Female literacy 40, 89, 95, 118
Fertility 22, 28, 36–7, 51, 80–3,
85–95, 97, 120, 123, 125–6, 144,
149, 158–9, 211, 245, 251–4, 258,
288, 299
Feudalism 32, 151, 153, 191, 196, 239Index 331