TheAmericanForeignPolicyTradition 13PresidentialExperienceinForeignAffairs
OtherCabinetLevel,
Military,
or
DiplomaticPostChiefU.S.
Representative
toGreatBritain./
././
./1789 toCivilWar
GeorgeWashington
JohnAdams
ThomasJefferson
JamesMadison
JamesMonroe
John Adams
AndrewJackson
MartinVanBuren
WilliamHenryIl~rr'i~nrl*;
JohnTyler
JamesKnoxPolk
·U,S.ministertoColombia(underSim6nBolivar'spresidency)
tDirectorofwarreliefinEurope,secretaryofcommerce
Mssistantsecretaryofthenavy