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only solo woman to have won
a RIBA gold medal.)
Both prizes mark an im-
portant moment for women
in architecture, but also a
professional acme for the
architects, a decidedly low-
key duo in a field known for its
gassy bombast.
In their interviews, Farrell
and McNamara don’t pontifi-
cate about theory. Instead,
they talk about “generosity”
in design, an idea that served
as a guiding principle of
“Freespace,” the 2018 edition
of the Venice Architecture
Biennale they organized.
When they won the Royal
Gold Medal last month, they
thanked all of their collabora-
tors, including the “workmen
and women whose names we
don’t know.”
They may talk softly, but
Farrell and McNamara carry
some big design sticks.
Namely, their buildings —
which aren’t about the manu-
facture of splashy icons, but
instead about crafting au-
thoritative forms that show
an intense deference to site.
This has included a range
of public and educational
structures all over their na-
tive Ireland, as well as uni-
versity buildings in France,
Italy and the U.K.
In the Peruvian capital
city of Lima, they completed
the Universidad de Ingien-
ería y Tecnología (UTEC, as
it’s known) in 2015 — their
only building in the Americas
— a concrete structure that
soars over a ravine like an
architectonic cliff, echoing
the cliffs that hug the desert
city’s shoreline nearby.
From a distance, UTEC
looks like “a fragment of an
ancient colosseum,” archi-
tecture critic Oliver Wain-
wright, of the Guardian,
wrote of the structure in 2017.
But move in close and “you
get a thrilling view of inter-
secting concrete beams and
slabs, an aerial ballet of stag-
gered terraces connected by
flying walkways and leaping
staircases.” Though large in
scale, he added, the building
offers “little nooks and patio
gardens, sheltered places to
be alone and enjoy the view
out over the city.”
Architecture talks
The architects’ ability to
combine mass with more hu-
man spaces, as well as their
attention to context, was
noted by the Pritzker judges
in their citation. “The dia-
logues they create between
buildings and surroundings
demonstrate a new apprecia-
tion of both their works and
place.”
“Within the ethos of a
practice such as ours, we have
so often struggled to find
space for the implementation
of such values as humanism,
craft, generosity, and cultural
connection with each place
and context within which we
work,” said McNamara in a
statement. “It is therefore ex-
tremely gratifying that this
recognition is bestowed upon
us and our practice.”
That practice began in
1978, just two years after the
architects had both graduat-
ed from the School of Archi-
tecture at University College
Dublin. (They began Grafton
Architects with three other
partners, who, over time,
departed, leaving Farrell and
McNamara as principals.)
From the start, their prac-
tice has shown a deep atten-
tion to material, whatever
that material may be.
A home they designed in
Dublin in the late 1990s pairs
cool walls made of brick and
poured concrete with the co-
ziness of laminated wood
timbers. Their University of
Limerick Medical School
complex employs limestone
in sandy tones for the main
institutional building, while
using brick in warmer terra-
cotta shades for its adjacent
residences.
Of their philosophy, Far-
rell recently told Building De-
sign magazine: “We cut from
the earth. If you are taking
things that are millions of
years old, you better use
them properly.”
‘A rock’ and ‘a bog’
Their affinity to these na-
tural elements is something
that perhaps the architects
can trace to their roots: Mc-
Namara was born in County
Clare, known for its rugged
coastline, while Farrell was
born in Tullamore, in the
Irish lowlands. “I’m a rock
person and she’s a bog per-
son,” McNamara once told an
interviewer.
For much of their career,
they worked almost exclu-
sively in Ireland, until about a
dozen years ago, when their
buildings began to materi-
alize in other European cit-
ies, including London and
Milan. In fact, it was the latter
project, in Italy, that raised
their international profile:
the Universita Luigi Bocco-
ni’s School of Economics,
which occupies a dense cor-
ner on the Viale Bligny on the
south side of Milan.
The building deftly balan-
ces a number of needs: pri-
vate office spaces and public
lecture areas; a large educa-
tional institution tucked in
amid small-scale businesses
and apartment houses.
Grafton’s design maintains
the height and scale of the
neighborhood but adds a
Tetris-like arrangement of
geometric forms on two fa-
cades that make for a com-
manding presence. “Muscu-
lar,” one might call them, to
use a favorite term of male
architecture critics. I’ll settle
on “potent” and “vigorous.”
Equally remarkable are
the insides, which, with a
skillful arrangement of atria,
allow daylight to pour into
the building, including the
parts that lie below grade.
(Fresh air and daylight are a
big component of the firm’s
work.)
In 2008, the Royal Insti-
tute of the Architects of Ire-
land awarded the Bocconi
building its inaugural World
Building of the Year prize.
Since then, other com-
missions have followed: the
UTEC campus in Peru, an
economics school for the Uni-
versité Toulouse in France,
completed last year, as well
as an ongoing building for the
London School of Economics
in England.
In 2012, the firm won the
Silver Lion at the Venice
Architecture Biennale for an
exhibition that juxtaposed
elements of their designs for
UTEC with ideas by Brazil-
ian Paulo Mendes da Rocha
(also a Pritzker Prize win-
ner), an architect who is
known for his sculptural facil-
ity with concrete.
Just six years later, Farrell
and McNamara were curat-
ing the Architecture Bienna-
le themselves, only the sec-
ond time in four decades in
which women have run the
show. (The first was in 2010,
when Kazuyo served as sole
curator.)
The show’s theme,
“Freespace,” was one that
was less preoccupied with
the formal qualities of archi-
tecture — its grand facades
or its squiggling rooflines
(though it contained plenty
of it) — than in the ways in
which design could deliver
experience, be it social or
contemplative. As part of
that, small gestures became
key: Farrell and McNamara
opened up blacked-out win-
dows and skylights both in
the Arsenale and in the Giar-
dini’s Central Pavilion, in the
process uncovering a window
and door that had been de-
signed by Italian Modernist
Carlo Scarpa.
It was like inviting the city
of Venice back into the show.
Moreover, behind the
Arsenale they placed a row of
marble benches so that visi-
tors could sit and simply gaze
at the water. “Whenever we
came here,” McNamara said,
“we always thought it was a
beautiful place for sitting
down.”
The move was a simple
one — in keeping with
Grafton’s ideas about the
ways in which architecture
can embrace generosity. (It
was practical too, since after
looking at an architectural
exhibition that’s three foot-
ball fields long, about the
only thing a visitor can do is
sit and stare at the horizon in
a state of abject stupor.)
The Pritzkers have a long
tradition of honoring Euro-
pean architects, but Farrell
and McNamara are the first
architects from Ireland to
win the award. (Last year, the
honor went to Japanese
architect Arata Isozaki,
known in Los Angeles for his
design of the Museum of
Contemporary Art on Grand
Avenue.)
Jury members for this
year’s award included
Kazuyo and Chinese archi-
tect Wang Shu (both Pritzker
Prize-winners), as well as
architectural historian Barry
Bergdoll and U.S. Supreme
Court Justice Stephen
Breyer. The location for the
ceremony, generally held at
an architecturally significant
site, will be announced in the
coming weeks.
TOWN HOUSEat London’s Kingston University, like many Farrell and McNamara designs, is open and airy.
Ed Reeves
Designs ‘from the earth’
[Pritzker,from E1]
THE URBANInstitute of Ireland is among Farrell
and McNamara’s projects in their home country.
Ros Kavanagh