246 INDEX
lying
brain, 25
detecting, 207–8
emphasis unnatural when,
224–25
eye contact during, 216
frozen hands and, 157
hand steepling less when, 226
physical contact and, 215
restraining behavior during, 82
as social survival tool, 208MacArthur, Douglas, 97
MacLean, Paul, 22
McFadden, Martin, 18
memory, higher order, 23–24
men, tie adjusting of, 42
messages, arms communicating, 116
microexpressions, of hands, 161
microgestures, 162, 200–201, 201
military personnel, 121
mixed signals, facial expressions, 203
Morris, Desmond, 54, 75, 140
the mouth, 185–95
movement changes, 78–80
multiple tells, 13, 83nail-biting, 143, 197–98
nasal wing dilation, 197
the neck
covering dimple of, 38, 39
happiness reflected in, 169–70
not covering, 160
pacifying behaviors involving, 42–43,
43
touching, 40, 44, 159– 60negative feelings, 36
arms down for, 110–11
faces expressing, 167
hands hidden creating, 135–36
lip compression indicative of, 187–89
of preening, 141–42
turtle effect showing, 106
neocortex, 22
dishonesty capability of, 25
higher-order cognition/memory
performed by, 23–24
nervousness, 219
neural imaging, xii
Nixon, Richard, 184, 207
noncooperative feet/legs, 76–78
nonverbal behaviors
in deception, 205–6, 223–25, 226–30
defining, 2–5
distancing, 31–32
of the eyes, 170–85
of the face, 195–201
feet/legs involved in, 57–60, 170
of the hands, 144–47
high/low confidence in, 35
idiosyncratic, 12
interpersonal communications using,
4
of the mouth, 185–95
people’s thoughts deciphered
through, xii
signs of, 233–34
stress displayed through, 29
synchrony in, 211–13
universal tells of, 10–11
upper body, 86–106
walking style important as, 76
nonverbal communications
comfort v. noncomfort, 15
contextual observation
understanding, 8–10