Nature - USA (2020-05-14)

Article

8

1

2

3

4

5

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78

10

2

3

4

5

Growth rate, GR (nm

-1h

)

4 68

10 -3

2 4 68

10 -2

2 4 68

10 -1

2

Condensation sink, CS (s-1)

Remote

Urban: Europe

Urban: Asia

Urban: North America

a

10 -2

10 -1

100

101

102

Particle formation rate,

J (cm

-3 s

-1)

67

100

2 3 4567

101

2 3 4567

102

CS·10^4 / GR (h nm-1 s-1)

Remote

Urban: Europe

Urban: Asia

Urban: North America

b

Extended Data Fig. 1 | New-particle-formation events observed in various
remote and urban environments (see Extended Data Table 3 for a complete
set of references). a, Growth rates (GR) versus condensation sinks (CS),
showing that both are higher in polluted urban environments than in other
environments. b, Particle-formation rates (J) versus a measure of particle loss
via coagulation (CS × 10^4 /GR, similar to the the McMurry L parameter), showing

high new-particle-formation rates in urban conditions where the condensation

sinks were so high compared to the growth rate that survival of nucleated

particles should be very low. J and GR were calculated over the size range from a

few nanometres to over 20 nm, except for J at Shanghai^59 and Tecamac^60 , which

were calculated from 3 nm to 6 nm. The bars indicate 1σ total errors.