Shinto 281, 282, 284
ships and boats 199, 201, 378, 383, 387, 388 , 408
Shiva 286, 379
shoguns 392
shooting stars 23
shrimp 109, 234
shrines 289
Siberia, Russian Federation 263
Sicily 389, 421
Siddhartha Gautama 289
Sierra Leone 150, 218, 238, 241
Sikhism 291
silicon 160, 161, 188, 189
silk 108, 111, 170, 378, 393, 401
Silk Road 262
Singin’ in the Rain 338
sinking 164
Sirius 13
Skarmeta, Antonio 340
skeleton 102, 128, 129, 130–31
skiing 254
skin 128, 133 , 149
skinks 117
skull 130, 149
skydiving 164
Skylab 33
skyscrapers 202, 203, 226, 329
slave trade 395, 413 , 424
sleet 53
sloths 83
Slovakia 247, 254, 255
Slovenia 246, 256, 257
slums 236, 418
smart materials 175
smell 143
smog 65, 228, 257
snails 97, 102, 106
snakes 99, 101, 116
snow 53 , 62
snowboarding 254, 352–53
soccer 237, 352, 353, 354 , 355
social sciences 295
society 294 , 295
civil rights 307 , 310
civil society 301
culture 296–97
families 300–1
law 310-11
multicultural 218, 250
politics 306–7, 428, 431
social equality 304–5, 316, 317
Socrates 292, 377
sodium 160
soil 48 , 64, 172, 207
solar eclipses 15
solar flares 15
solar power 61, 199, 248, 299, 315
Solar System 14 , 15–21
solder 174
solids 156, 172, 173
solutions 172
Somalia 239, 242, 243
souks 239, 241
souls 282
sound 99, 141, 176–77, 178, 331, 332, 336
South Africa 218, 238, 239, 244–45, 295
apartheid 244, 245 , 305, 317, 434, 437
South America 214, 215, 232–33
conquistadors 405
early Americans 380
Incas 234, 235, 402 , 405
independence 420
Maya 230, 281, 339, 381
native Indians 235, 236, 400
northern 234–35
southern 236–37
southern hemisphere 214
Soviet Union 312, 314, 317, 428
Soweto 218, 245
Soyuz spacecraft 28, 30
space 10
asteroids 23
black holes 25
comets 22dark matter 26
extraterrestrial life 22
meteors 23
Solar System 14 , 15–21
stars 10, 13, 24–25, 27
and time 158
space observatories 29
Space Shuttle 10, 32 , 227
space stations 33
space travel 10, 30–33
spacecraft 28–30, 32–33
Spain 150, 246, 252, 253
flamenco 247, 336, 337
history 387, 401, 405, 431
Spanish Armada 404, 437
Spanish Civil War 431
Spears, Britney 334
special effects 347
species 71, 74
spectrum 180, 193
speed 165
sperm 148, 149, 211
spiders 98, 108, 170
spinal cord 138, 139
spine 130, 131, 146, 149
spits (land) 59
sponges 102, 104 , 117
sponsorship 355, 357
spores 86, 90
sports 296, 352–57, 377
Springboks 244
Sputnik I 10, 263
Spy Who Loved Me, The 347
Sri Lanka 260, 267
St Basil’s Cathedral, Moscow 288
stages 345
Stahleck Fortress, Germany 255
stalactites 57
stalagmites 57
Stalin, Joseph 428
Stanley, Henry Morton 422
stanzas 343
staple foods 66
star of David 287
Star Wars 346–47
starfish 102, 104 , 117, 275
stars 10, 13, 24–25, 27, 156, 386
state, the 308–9
Statue of Liberty, New York 223, 293
steam 156, 171, 418
steam engines 198, 199, 437
steel 174, 204
stem cell research 211
Stephano 20
Stephenson, George 419
Stock, Dennis 325
stomach 129, 144 , 145, 146, 147
stomata 89
stone circles 366
stone tools 363 , 365
Stonehenge, England 366
storms 50, 52, 54
stratosphere 49
street theatre 345
strokes 150
Stuarts 406, 410, 437
stupas 379, 397
Sudan 239, 241, 422
sugar 157
Suleiman the Magnificent 397
Sun 10, 14, 15 , 27, 169
sunspots 15
Super Bowl 355
Super Mario 351
Superman 298
supernovas 24, 25, 160
supply and demand 302
Suriname 233, 234, 235
Surtsey Island 42
sustainable development 316
Sutton Hoo, England 384
Swahili 395
swamps 83
Swan Lake 337swastikas 431
sweat 133
Sweden 150, 246–47, 248–49, 388, 406, 436
swimming 357
switches 185
Switzerland 246, 253
Sydney, Australia 274, 308
symbiosis 87
synapses 138
synthesisers 177, 332
synthetics 170
Syria 243, 260, 264, 265, 386T
Table Mountain 244–45
table tennis 357
tadpoles 101, 114
Taj Mahal 407
Talbot, William Henry Fox 325
Tale of the Genji, The 341
Tallinn, Estonia 258
Talmud 287
tanks 426, 427
Tanzania 72, 125, 220, 239, 242, 243, 299
tapeworms 105
tarantulas 108
taste buds 142
tax 308, 309
Tchaikovsky, Pyotr 337
tea 204, 297
technology 75, 154 , 357, 418
biotechnology 208 , 210–11
computers 154, 180, 190–91, 326, 349
electronics 188–89
machines 165, 195, 196–97, 412
nanotechnology 195
robots 194 , 195, 346, 350
tectonic plates 39 , 41, 43, 45
teddy bears 350
teeth 142, 143 , 144, 149
telecommunications 191, 192–93
telephones 191, 192
telescopes 11 , 12 , 22, 29 , 181, 229, 411
television 168, 171, 175, 192 , 193 , 299, 351
temperate regions 37, 63
temperature 62, 133, 168 , 169
temples 285, 289, 291, 368, 377, 381, 397
tendons 132
Terminator, The 347
termites 100, 111, 123
terraces 66
terracotta warriors 378
terrapins 116, 117
terrorism 313 , 314
testes 147, 148, 149
Texas, USA 229
textiles 205, 232, 326, 327, 378, 387, 418
Thailand 67, 260, 261, 270, 271, 336
Thanksgiving 227
theatre 308, 344–45, 348, 376
thermal imaging 168
thermal insulators 169
thermographs 168
thermometers 155, 169
thermosphere 49
thermostats 169
Thirty Years’ War 406
three-dimensional (3-D) 323
thunder 54, 182
tides 17, 59
Tierra del Fuego 233, 237
Tiffany, Louis Comfort 327
tigers 71
timber 248
Timbuktu, Mali 394
time 158 , 372
time zones 220
Timur (Tamerlane) 392
tissue 128 , 129
Titan 20, 29
Titania 20Titanic 347
titanium 161, 175
toads 115
toadstools 86
tobacco 150, 151, 309, 409
Tollund Man, Denmark 361
tomatoes 210, 235
Tombaugh, Clyde 21
Tonga 272, 396
tongue 128, 142 , 144
tools 174, 363, 365
TOPEX/Poseidon satellite 38
Torah 287
torii gates 284
tornadoes 54
Toronto, Canada 225
tortoises 71, 116, 117
totem poles 283
toucans 98, 119, 233
Tour de France 252, 354
Toussaint L’Ouverture 413
toys 350
trachea 136, 137
trade 314, 374, 394, 395, 400, 401, 417, 418, 422
tradition 296
tragedy 345, 376
Trans-Alaskan pipeline 224
Trans-Siberian railway 263
transistors 188, 189, 190
transpiration 89
transport 158, 163, 166, 200–1, 228, 231, 257, 419
Treaty of Waitangi 425
tree ferns 90
tree line 84
trees 67, 88, 91 , 94–95, 226
trench warfare 426
Trinity College, Dublin 250
Triton 21
tropical regions 37, 62, 63, 243
troposphere 49, 53
trumpets 332
truth 293
tsunamis 41
Tubman, Harriet 424
Tudors 361, 404, 437
Tull, Jethro 412
tuna 67
tundra 63
tungsten 161, 171
Tunisia 241
tunnels 203
turbines 199
Turkey 247, 260, 264, 265, 397
turtles 116, 117
Tutankhamen 370
tutus 337
Twelve Apostles, Victoria, Australia 59
Twiggy 326
Tyne Bridge, Newcastle 251
typefaces 339
typhoons 54U
Ukraine 247, 258, 259
ulna 129, 130
ultrasound scanning 129
ultraviolet (UV) rays 49, 193
Uluru, Australia 274, 283
Umayyads 386
umbilical cord 120, 148
uncertainty principle 159
Uncle Sam 427
United Arab Emirates 218, 265
United Kingdom 246, 250–51, 306, 421, 436
United Nations (UN) 315, 317, 434
United States of America 222–23, 310, 314, 435
Alaska 224 , 225
American Indians 228, 281, 408 , 409, 417
borders 216, 217, 226, 227, 312
eastern 226–27, 324, 329, 409
economy 218, 227, 309, 430444 Index