polygon (POL-ee-gon) A closed plane figure that
has three or more sides. Its sides are line segments
that only intersect at their endpoints. (p. 252)
polyhedron (pol-ee-HEE-druhn) A three-
dimensional figure with faces that are all
polygons. (p. 302)
polynomial (pol-ee-NOH-mee-uhl) An algebraic
expression that is the sum or difference of terms
called monomials. (p. 382)
population (pop-yuh-LAY-shuhn) A group of
people or things. (p. 208)
positive correlation (POZ-uh-tiv
kor-uh-LAY-shuhn) In a scatter plot, the
numbers for one data set increase as the numbers
for the other data set increase. (p. 228)
positive integer (POZ-uh-tiv IN-tuh-jur) An
integer that is greater than 0. (p. 2)
positive square root of a number (POZ-uh-tiv
SKWAIR ROOT UHV UH NUHM-bur) The
positive number that, when multiplied by itself,
equals the original number. Also called the
principal square rootof the number.(p. 276)
possible outcome(POSS-uh-buhl OWT-kuhm)
A result of an experiment. (p. 334)
powers (POW-urz) Numbers that can be written
using exponents. (p. 18)
precision (pri-SIZH-uhn) A term that refers to the
smallest unit of measurement on a measuring
instrument. (p. 272)
prime factorization (PRIME fak-tor-uh-ZAY-
shuhn) A way of showing a composite number as
the product of prime numbers. (p. 108)
prime number(PRIME NUHM-bur) A whole
number greater than 1 that has exactly two
factors, itself and 1. The only factors of 3 are 1
and 3, so 3 is a prime number. (p. 108)
principal (PRIN-suh-puhl) The amount of money
borrowed or deposited in a bank. (p. 198)
principal square root (PRIN-suh-puhl SKWAIR
ROOT) The positive square root of a number.
(p. 276)
prism (PRIZ-uhm) A polyhedron with two
congruent and parallel faces called bases. (p. 302)
probability (prob-uh-BIL-uh-tee) The measure of
how likely it is that an event will occur. (p. 334)
profit (PROF-it) The money gained or realized
when an item is sold above the cost. (p. 189)
proportion (pruh-POR-shuhn) An equation stating
that two ratios are equivalent. (p. 152)
protractor (proh-TRAK-tur) A tool used to find
the degree measure of an angle. (p. 243)
pyramid(PEER-uh-mid) A polyhedron with one
base, which can be any polygon. (p. 302)
Pythagorean Theorem (pi-thag-uh-REE-uhn
THEER-uhm) In any right triangle, the sum of
the squares of the lengths of the legs is equal to
the square of the length of the hypotenuse.
a^2 b^2 c^2. (p. 280)
Pythagorean Triples (pi-thag-uh-REE-uhn
TRIP-uhlz) Three positive integers that can form
the side lengths of a right triangle. (p. 281)
Q
quadrants(KWAHD-druhnts) The four sections
into which the x-axis and y-axis divide the
coordinate plane. (p. 23)
quadratic function (kwah-DRAT-ik
FUHNGK-shuhn) When graphed on a coordinate
plane, a function that takes the form of a parabola.
(p. 367)
quadrilaterals (kwahd-ruh-LAT-ur-uhlz) Polygons
with four sides and four angles. (p. 260)
quartiles (KWOR-tyelz) Values that divide data
into fourths; they are visually represented on a
box-and-whisker plot. (p. 222)
R
radical sign (RAD-i-kuhl SINE) A symbol
( ) that stands for the positive square root of a
number. (p. 276)
radius (pluralradii) (RAY-dee-uhss [plural,
RAY-dee-eye]) A line segment from the center
of a circle to a point on the circle. (p. 262)
random sample (RAN-duhm SAM-puhl) A
sample in which each member or part of the
population has an equally likely chance of being
chosen. (p. 208)
range(RAYNJ) 1. The difference between the
greatest and least values in a data set. (p. 210)
- The set of output values, or y-values, in ordered
pairs. (p. 358)
rate(RAYT) A ratio that compares two unlike
quantities. (p. 150)
rate of interest (RAYT UHV IN-tur-ist) The
percent of interest earned or paid to the
depositor on the principal. (p. 198)
ratio (RAY-shee-oh) A comparison of two like
quantities, aand b, by division, where b 0. (p. 148)
Glossary 433
Extended Glossary