Everything Maths Grade 11

(Marvins-Underground-K-12) #1

CHAPTER 16. GEOMETRY 16.4


Draw BE and CD.


area�ADE
area�BDE

=


1
2 AD. h^1
1
2 DB. h^1

=


AD


DB


area�ADE
area�CED

=


1
2 AE. h^2
1
2 EC. h^2

=


AE


EC


but area�BDE = area�CED (equal base and height)


area�ADE
area�BDE

=


area�ADE
area�CED


AD


DB


=


AE


EC


∴ DE divides AB and AC proportionally.

Similarly,


AD
AB

=


AE


AC


AB


BD


=


AC


CE


Following from Theorem1, we can prove the midpoint theorem.


Theorem 2. Midpoint Theorem: Aline joining the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to
the third side and equalto half the length of thethird side.


Proof:


This is a special case ofthe Proportionality Theorem (Theorem 1).


If AB = BD and AC = AE,
and
AD = AB + BD = 2AB
AE = AC + CB = 2AC
then DE� BC and BC = 2DE.


A

B C

D E

Theorem 3. Similarity Theorem 1:Equiangular triangles have their sides in proportion and are there-
fore similar.


A

F

H

B C

D

E

G



Given:�ABC and�DEF withAˆ =Dˆ;Bˆ =Eˆ;Cˆ =Fˆ


R.T.P.:
AB
DE


=


AC


DF


Construct: G on AB, so that AG = DE
H on AC, so that AH = DF

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