The Language of Word Problems ◆ 87Riley, M. S., Greeno, J. G., & Heller, J. I. (1983). Development of
children’s problem-solving ability in arithmetic. In H. P. Ginsberg
(Ed.), The development of mathematical thinking (pp. 153–196).
Orlando, FL: Academic.
Rubenstein, R. (2007). Focused strategies for middle-grades mathematics
vocabulary development. Mathematics teaching in the middle school,
13 (4), 200–207.
Rubenstein, R. N., & Thompson, D. R. (2002). Understanding and
supporting children’s mathematical vocabulary development.
Teaching children mathematics, 9 (2), 107–112.
Short, D. J., & Spanos, G. (1989). Teaching mathematics to limited english
proficient students. ERIC Digest. Washington, DC: ERIC/CLL.
Spanos, G. (1993). ESL math and science for high school students: Two
case studies. Paper presented at the Third National Research
Symposium on Limited English Proficient Student Issues. Retrieved
from http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/symposia/third/spanos.
htm.
Stahl, S. A., & Fairbanks, M. M. (1986). The effects of vocabulary
instruction: A model-based meta-analysis. Review of educational
research, 56 , 72–110.
U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and
Improvement & National Center for Education Statistics. (2001).
The Nation’s Report Card: Mathematics 2000, NCES 2001–517,
by J. S. Braswell, A.D. Lutkus, W. S. Grigg, S. L. Santapau,
B. Tay-Lim, and M. Johnson. Washington, DC.
Verschaffel, L., Greer, B.,^ & de Corte, E. (2000). Making sense of word
problems. Lisse, Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
Wilson, C. L.,^ & Sindelar, P. T. (1991). Direct instruction in math word
problems: Students with learning disabilities. Exceptional children,
57 (6), 512–519.
Winograd, K., & Higgins, K. (1994/1995). Writing, reading, and talking
about mathematics: One interdisciplinary possibility. The reading
teacher, 48 (4), 310–318.
Zorfass, J., Gray, T., & PowerUp. Understanding Word Problems in
Mathematics. Retrieved from http://www.ldonline.org/article/
62401/.