Idiot\'s Guides Basic Math and Pre-Algebra

Index 351

expressions, 117, 122

polynomials

binomials, 117

deg rees, 117-118

monomials, 117

standard form, 118

trinomials, 117

simpl if icat ion, 110, 114 -116

extended ratios, 85

exterior angles (triangles), 168

extremes (proportions), 86

cross-multiplying, 87-88

F

factors

composite numbers, 46-47

GCF (greatest common

factor), 52-54

multiplication, 23

prime factorization

factor trees, 50-51

using exponents, 52

prime numbers, 46-53

divisibility test, 48

finding, 47-49

relatively prime, 53

square numbers, 49-50

factor trees, 50-51

formulas

area (irregular figures),

229-233

I = Prt formula, 93-94

slope, 141

volume

cones, 225

cylinders, 223-224

prisms, 218-219

pyramids, 221-222

spheres, 226

signed numbers, 43-44

variables

domains, 106

r ules, 106 -108

domains, division with variables, 106

drawing guidelines

bar graphs, 262-264

circle graphs, 267-268

line graphs, 270-271

E

endpoints, 153-154

equations, 122

linear equations, graphing,

136 -14 4

solving

identity equations, 129-130

one-step, 123-124

simplif ication, 128-129

special cases, 129-130

two-step, 124-127

variables, 122

variables on both sides, 127-128

y = mx + b form, 143

equiangular, 171

equilateral triangles, 171

equivalent forms (fractions), 60-61

example problems

algebra, 289-290

arithmetic, 288-289

geometry, 290-293

order of operations, 33-35

percentages, 90-91

probability and statistics, 293-295

proportions, 88

ratios, 86

exponents, 8

powers of ten, 8

prime factorization, 52

r ules, 104 -105

spread measurements
interquartile ranges, 284
ranges, 283
standard deviation, 284-286
decagon, 192
decimals, 5-7
changing to percentages, 92
decimal fractions
addition, 73-75
converting fractions, 78-79
division, 75-78
multiplication, 75-78
naming, 70
numbers less than one,
68-69
powers of ten, 71
scientific notation, 72-73
subtraction, 73-75
powers of ten, 7-9
degrees, polynomials, 117-118
denominators
common denominators, 64
fractions, 58
diagonals (polygons), 192-193
diameters (circles), 200-201
difference (subtraction), 21
digits, 5
distributive property, order of
operations, 36-38
dividends, 28
divisibility test (prime numbers),
48
division
basic facts, 28-30
decimal fractions, 75-78
dividends, 28
divisors, 28
fractions, 62-64
long division, 28-30
quotients, 28
remainders, 30