358 Idiot’s Guides: Basic Math and Pre-Algebra
variables, 84, 102
common language, 102-103
division, 106 -108
equations, 122, 127-128
idioms, 103-104
multiplication, 104 -105
ratios, 84
terms, 110 -114
usage, 102
vertex angles, 153-154, 171
vertical angles, 157
vertical lines, graphing, 144
vertices (triangles) 166
volume, 214
cones, 225
cylinders, 223-224
prisms, 218-219
pyramids, 221-222
spheres, 226W–X
whole numbers, 4x-axis (coordinate graphs), 134
x-coordinates, 135Y–Z
y-axis (coordinate graphs), 134
y-coordinates, 135
y-intercept, graphing linear
equations, 141-144
y = mx + b form, 143perimeters, 178
polygons, 166
right, 172
30-60-90 right triangles,
176 -177
45- 45-90 triangles, 177
measurements and
trigonometric ratios,
240-24 4
Pythagorean theorem,
173 -175
scalene, 170
similar, 236 -237
finding missing
measurements, 238
indirect measurements,
238-240
scale factors, 236
Triangle Sum theorem, 168
vertices, 166
trigonometric ratios, 240-244
cosine, 241-24 4
sine, 241-24 4
SOHCAHTOA memory
device, 241
tangent, 241-24 4
trinomials, 117
two-step equations, 124-127U–V
unlike terms (variables),
combining, 111-112
usage guidelines
bar graphs, 262
circle graphs, 266-267
line graphs, 270ten (powers of ten)
decimal fractions, 71
decimal system, 7-9
exponents, 8
terms, 110
adding and subtracting like
terms, 113-114
like terms, 112-113
unlike terms, 111-112
simplifying expressions, 110,
114 -116
theorems
Pythagorean theorem, 173-175
Pythagorean triple, 175
Triangle Sum theorem, 168
theoretical probabilities, 255
tip calculations, 95-96
transversals, 160
angle formations, 160
alternate exterior, 161
alternate interior, 161
corresponding angles, 160
trapezoids, 186-187
isosceles, 187
medians, 187
triangles, 165-170
ac ut e , 171-172
altitudes, 166
angle bisectors, 167
a r e a , 178 -179
congr uent, 234 -236
finding missing
measurements, 237
minimum requirements,
235-236
equilateral, 171
exterior angles, 168
i s o s c ele s , 170 -171
medians, 167
obtuse, 172