5 Steps to a 5TM AP European History

CHAPTER

1

‹^195

The Cold War, Integration,

and Globalization

IN THIS CHAPTER

Summary: Following World War II, the Soviet Union solidified its control of

Eastern Europe, creating an “Iron Curtain” that divided East and West. The two

superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, engaged in a global con-

flict, called the Cold War. This chapter provides a review of the important events

of the Cold War and describes the growing economic integration in Western

Europe that culminated in the creation of the European Union. This chapter also

reviews the sudden end of the Cold War, including the rapid disintegration of

the Soviet Union, the destruction of the Iron Curtain, and the reunification of

Germany.

Key Terms:

✪^ Truman Doctrine A U.S. doctrine (named after President Harry Truman),

created in 1947, that established a system of military and economic aid to

countries threatened by communist takeover.

✪^ Marshall Plan^ A plan (named after U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall),

launched in 1947, that provided billions of dollars of aid to help the Western

European powers rebuild their infrastructures and economies following

World War II.

✪^ Council for Mutual Economic Assistance The Soviet Union’s response to the

Marshall Plan whereby the Soviet Union offered economic aid packages for

Eastern European countries.

KEY IDEA

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