(^216) › STEP 5. Build Your Test-Taking Confidence
Questions 21–23 refer to the following quotation:
1848 was the decisive year of German, and so of European, history: it recapitulated Germany’s past and inspired
Germany’s future.... Never has there been a revolution so inspired by a limitless faith in the power of ideas; never
has a revolution so discredited the power of ideas in its result. The success of the revolution discredited conservative
ideas; the failure of the revolution discredited liberal ideas. After it, nothing remained but the idea of Force, and this
idea stood at the helm of German history from then on. For the first time since 1521, the German people stepped
on to the centre of the German stage only to miss their cue once more. German history reached its turning-point
and failed to turn. This was the fateful essence of 1848.
A. J. P. Taylor, The Course of German History, 1945
- Marx and Engels would be most inclined to view
which of the following developments as a signifi-
cant event in European history?
A. The War of the Roses
B. The French Revolution of 1789 to 1793
C. The Seven Years’ War
D. Britain’s Glorious Revolution of 1688 - The Communist Manifesto can be understood as
an example of the influence of which mode of
modern European thinking?
A. The Oxford Movement
B. Materialism and economic determinism
C. Hegelian idealism
D. The rationalism of the Scottish Enlightenment - A follower of Marx and Engels’s view of history
would argue that an all-out war between the
bourgeoisie and the proletariat classes was
A. a destructive development that could be
avoided through the study of philosophy
B. a possibility which should be encouraged in
order to foster progress
C. an inevitable result of fundamental economic
change
D. an example of history repeating itself - What is the subject of Taylor’s analysis?
A. The Industrial Revolution in the context of
German history
B. The failure of the revolutions of 1848
C. The rise of the Nazi Party in Germany
D. The importance of the revolutions of 1848
in modern German history
22. Taylor argues that the most important effect of
the political revolutions of 1848 was
A. the failure to bring about a change in the
ruling class
B. the demonstration of the power of ideas
C. the discrediting of both conservative and
liberal political ideology
D. the creation of the idea of a modern police
force
Questions 18–20 refer to the following passage:
The history of all hitherto existing societies is the history of class struggles.... The modern bourgeois society that
has sprouted from the ruins of feudal society has not done away with class antagonisms. It has but established
new classes, new conditions of oppression, new forms of struggle in place of the old ones. Our epoch, the epoch
of the bourgeoisie, possesses, however, this distinctive feature: it has simplified the class antagonisms. Society as a
whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes, directly facing each other:
Bourgeoisie and Proletariat.
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto, 184824_Bartolini_QuesPrac1_207-230.indd 216 27/04/18 10:15 AM