548estimate An approximate answer; to find an
answer that is close to the exact answer. (p. 44)
evaluate To find the value. (pp. 54, 126)
event A set of one or more outcomes of a
probability experiment. (p. 274)
expanded form The written form of a number
that shows the place value of each of its digits.
(p. 36)
experimental probability The ratio of the
number of favorable outcomes that occur to
the total number of trials, or times the activity
is performed. (p. 275)
exponent A number that tells how many times
another number is to be used as a factor.
(p. 382)
F
face A flat surface of a solid figure. (p. 362)
factor One of two or more numbers that are
multiplied to form a product. (p. 66)
factor tree A diagram used to find the prime
factors of a number. (p. 182)
Fahrenheit (°F) scale The temperature scale in
which 32°F is the freezing point of water and
212°F is the boiling point of water. (p. 166)
formula A rule that is expressed by using
symbols. (p. 136)
fractal A figure with repeating patterns
containing shapes that are like the whole but
of different sizes throughout. (p. 351)
fraction A number that names a part of a whole,
a region, or a set. (p. 184)
frequency table A chart that shows how often
each item appears in a set of data. (p. 298)
front-end estimation A way of estimating by
using the front, or greatest, digits to find an
approximate answer. (p. 44)
function A relationship between two quantities
in which one quantity depends uniquely on the
other. (p. 502)
Fundamental Counting Principle If one event
has mpossible outcomes and a second event
has npossible outcomes, then there are m n
total possible outcomes. (p. 278)
G
geometric construction A drawing that is
made using only an unmarked straightedge
and a compass. (p. 338)geometric sequence A sequence generated
by repeatedly multiplying or dividing by the
same number. (p. 145)
greatest common factor (GCF) The greatest
number that is a factor of two or more
numbers. (p. 186)
H
half-turn symmetry The symmetry that occurs
when a figure is turned halfway (180°) around
its center point and the figure that results looks
exactly the same. (p. 358)
height The perpendicular distance between
the bases of a geometric figure. In a triangle,
the perpendicular distance from the opposite
vertex to the line containing the base. (p. 466)
heptagon A polygon with seven sides. (p. 342)
hexagon A polygon with six sides. (p. 342)
hexagonal prism A prism with two parallel
hexagonal bases. (p. 362)
hexagonal pyramid A pyramid with a
hexagonal base. (p. 362)
histogram A bar graph of a frequency
distribution. The bars represent equal intervals
of the data, and there is no space between the
bars. (p. 316)
hypotenuse In a right triangle, the longest side,
which is also the side opposite to the right
angle. (p. 409)
I
Identity Property Adding 0 to a number or
multiplying a number by 1 does not change the
number’s value. (pp. 222, 254)
impossible event The probability of an event
that is impossible is 0. (p. 274)
improper fraction A fraction with its numerator
equal to or greater than its denominator.
(p. 190)
independent events When the outcome of the
first event does not affect the outcome of the
second event. (p. 277)
inequality A statement that two mathematical
expressions are not equal. It uses an inequality
symbol: , , or . (p. 129)
integers The whole numbers and their
opposites. (p. 150)
interest The amount paid by the borrower
for the use of the principal for a stated period
of time. (p. 434)8206-2_546-552 10/7/07 10:03 PM Page 548