5 Steps to a 5 AP Chemistry 2019

Solids, Liquids, and Intermolecular Forces ❮ 173

Figure 12.5 Phase diagram for H 2 O.

Pressure (atm)

Temperature (°C)

− 1 100

Triple point

(0.01°C, 0.006 atm)

Critical point

(374°C, 218 atm)

1.0

Solid Liquid

Gas

of temperature and pressure at which all three states of matter can exist together. The
phase diagram for water is shown in Figure 12.5.
For each of the phase transitions, there is an associated enthalpy change or heat
of transition. For example, there are heats of vaporization, fusion, sublimation, and
so on.

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Pressure

Temperature

Triple point

Deposition

Sublimation

Fusion

(Melting)

Freezing

Vaporization

Condensation

Critical

D Bpoint

A

C

Figure 12.4 A phase diagram.