- (D) Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life-forms with a given species,
ecosystem, or biome and is a measure of the health of ecosystems. In
terrestrial habitats, tropical and temperate regions typically support a large
variety of different species whereas polar regions with climatic conditions
not being optimal for producers, support fewer species. Biodiversity is not
evenly distributed; rather it varies greatly across the globe as well as within
regions. Among other factors, the diversity of all living things (biota)
depends on temperature, precipitation, altitude, soils, geography, and the
presence of other species. Generally, there is an increase in biodiversity
from the poles to the tropics. Thus, localities at lower latitudes have more
species than localities at higher latitudes. Tropical areas are areas that
support the greatest biodiversity of living organisms on Earth.
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