(D) The effects of global warming on weather patterns may lead to adverse
human health impacts.
(E) Global warming may increase the incidence of many infectious diseases.
- Which of the following would be an external cost?
(A) The cost of steel in making a refrigerator
(B) The cost of running a refrigerator for one month
(C) The cost of labor in producing refrigerators
(D) The taxes paid by consumers in purchasing refrigerators
(E) The costs associated with health care when the refrigerator leaks
refrigerant into the atmosphere 5. In which stage of the nitrogen cycle
do soil bacteria convert ammonium ions (NH 4 +) into nitrate ions
(NO 3 – ), a form of nitrogen that can be used by plants?
(A) Nitrogen fixation
(B) Nitrification
(C) Assimilation
(D) Ammonification
(E) Denitrification
- Which of the following is NOT an example of environmental mitigation?
(A) Promoting sound land use planning, based on known hazards
(B) Relocating or elevating structures out of the floodplain
(C) Constructing living snow fences
(D) Organizing a beach cleanup
(E) Developing, adopting, and enforcing effective building codes and
standards 7. Which of the following statements regarding an El Niño is
FALSE?
(A) Depression of the thermocline occurs, which cuts off cold water
upwelling.
(B) A change in atmospheric pressures occurs and is associated with
changing ocean water temperatures.
(C) El Niño affects weather patterns globally.
(D) An increase in greenhouse gases may increase the incidents of El Niños.
(E) Northeast and southeast trade winds increase.
