Macmillan English Grammar

3 Read these sentences about Julius Caesar. Then complete the sentence with the past

simple or past perfect form of the verb in brackets.

a Julius Caesar (come)c::?lM? from an

aristocratic Roman family, though his family

was not rich by Roman standards.

b When he was 15 his father (die)

.., and to avoid political problems

in Rome, Caesar (serve) ... as a

soldier in the east.

c By the time he (return) to Rome,

he (win) d ••••••••••••••••• awards for bravery.

d He (become)... .....d a member of the

Senate, and governor of what is now Spain.

e By the age of 40 he (rise) ... to the

top of the political world, and (form)

..apolitical aUiance with a

powerful general, Pompey, and a rich man,

Crassus.

f Between 58 BC and 49 BC he (fight) ..

a war against the people of what are now France,

Belgium, Switzerland and parts of Germany.

g By the end of this war, according to the historian

Plutarch, three million men (die) ..

h In 50 BC the Senate (order)... Caesar

to return to Rome. By that time, Crassus was dead

and Pompey (become) ... Caesar's

enemy.

In the civil war that foUowed, Caesar (defeat)

..aU his enemies.

By the time a group of Roman senators (murder)

..him in 44 BC, he (be) ..

the most powerful man in Rome for only a yeal'.

On 26 December 2004, Tilly Smith, a 10-year-old British schoolgirl, aC .....on the beach with her family.They

b .. ..dd. Christmas in Thailand. Suddenly Tilly c .. ddd that something was wrong. She could see that the water

d and waves e.dd ••up the beach.The beachfd smaller and smalIer. She g that there had been an

earthquake in Sumatra that morning, but she h..d a geography lesson shei.....d at school just two weeks before.

So shej her mother what she k about earthquakes and giant waves. Luckily for the Smith family,Tilly's

teacher Andrew Kearney I the c1ass about earthquakes andmdddddd them a video of a tsunami in Hawaii.Tilly

n screaming at her parents to get off the beach. They o ... Tilly back to their hotel, which was not too

c10se to the shore, andpdd the alarm. One of the staff, who was Japanese, q... ... the word tsunami, and

r everyone to leave the beach. From their room on the third f1oor, the Smiths s.... the terrible effects of

the tsunami on the area. Thanks to Tilly,everybody from that beachtd••••••••••••• that terrible day.

a Awalked BChad walkedwas walking

b Aspent

BChad spentwere spending

c Afelt

BChad feltwas feeling

d Arose

BChad risenwas rising

e Acame

BChadwere comingcome

f Agot

BChad gotwas getting

g Adid not know

BChad not knownwas not knowing

h Asuddenly

Bhadremem bered Cwas suddenly

remembered

suddenlyremembering

Ahad

Bhad hadCwas having

j

Atold Bhad toldCwas telling

k Aleamt

BChad leamtwas leaming

I

Ataught Bhad taughtCwas teaching

m Ashowed

BCBChad shownq Ahad understoodwas showingwas understandingunderstood
nAstarted

BCBCrhad startedhad orderedwas stortingwas orderingAordered
oAtook

BCBCswere takinghad takenhad watchedwere watchingAwatched
p Araised

BCBCtwere raisinghad raisedhad survivedwas survivingAsurvived

4 Choose the correct form, A, B or C, to complete the sentence.

G