PARTB:Model Protein Synthesis
4.Use your models and Figure 10-5 on pp.
210–211 to demonstrate how transcription
and translation occur. Draw and label the
steps of each process.
5.Use your models to explore one of the
questions written for step 3 of Before
You Begin.
PARTC: Test Hypothesis
Answer each of the following questions by
writing a hypothesis. Use your models to test
each hypothesis, and describe your results.
6.The DNA model you built for step 3 repre-
sents a portion of a gene for hemoglobin.
Sickle cell anemia results from the substi-
tution of an A for the T in the third codon
of the nitrogen-base sequence given in
step 3. How will this substitution affect a
hemoglobin molecule?
7.The addition of a nucleotide to a strand of
DNA is a type of mutation called an inser-
tion.What happens when an insertion
occurs in the first codon in a DNA strand,
before the DNA strand is transcribed?
PARTD:Cleanup and Disposal
- Dispose of damaged pushpins in the
designated waste container. - Clean up your work area and all lab
equipment. Return lab equipment to
its proper place. Wash your hands thor-
oughly before you leave the lab and after
you finish all work.
Analyze and Conclude
- Comparing Structures How did the
nitrogen-base sequence of the mRNA you
made compare with that of the DNA it was
transcribed from? - Recognizing RelationshipsHow is the
nitrogen-base sequence of a gene related to
the structure of a protein? - Recognizing PatternsWhat is the rela-
tionship between the anticodon of a tRNA
and the amino acid the tRNA carries? - Drawing Conclusions How does a
mutation in the gene for a protein affect
the protein? - Further Inquiry Write a new question
about protein synthesis that could be
explored with your model.
http://www.scilinks.org
Topic:Genetic Disorders
Keyword:HX4091CHAPTER 10How Proteins Are Made 225
Do You Know?
Do research in the library or media center
to answer these questions:
1.What are mutagens, and how do they
affect DNA?
2.What are two other genetic disorders
that result from mutations?
Use the following Internet resources to
explore your own questions about DNA.