150 Chapter 6 | GrowinG Pains | Period Three 175 4 –18 0 0
altar to be raised, and the bells to be rung: we then chaunted [chanted] the Ve n i
Creator, blessed the water, erected and blessed a grand cross, hoisted the royal
standard, and chaunted the first mass that was ever performed in this place....
Tell me also if it is true, that the Indians have killed Father Joseph Soler in Sonora,
and how it happened; and if there are any other friends defunct, in order that I
may commend them to God, with anything else that your reverence may think fit
to communicate to a few poor hermits separated from human society. We proceed
to-morrow to celebrate the feast, and make the procession of Corpus Christi,...
in order to scare away whatever little devils there possibly may be in this land....George Simpson, Overland Journey round the World during the Years 1841 and 1842
(Philadelphia, PA: Lea and Blanchard, 1847), 201–202.praCtiCing historical thinking
Identify: What are two purposes of Serra’s letter?
Analyze: Based on your knowledge of the time period, what political or social fac-
tors contributed to the westward expansion of missionary work?
Evaluate: Compare the behaviors of Spanish missionaries in this era with those of
the original Spanish colonizers, as described in Chapters 1 and 2 of this book and
in your other reading. To what extent have the behaviors of the Spanish changed
or remained the same? Explain your answer. Consult your history textbook for
additional information.Document 6.4 Correspondence between Daniel Shays
and Benjamin Lincoln
1787In the winter of 1786–1787, Daniel Shays (1747–1825), a former Continental Army offi-
cer, led a large contingent of Revolutionary War veterans in protest against the tax pol-
icies and debt-collection laws of the state of Massachusetts. A collation of state militias
stopped Shays and his rebels when they marched on the arsenal in Springfield in south-
western Massachusetts. The following letters are part of an exchange between Daniel
Shays and Benjamin Lincoln (1733–1810), general of the militia force that defeated Shays’
rebels. Shays was pardoned in 1788.January 30th, 1787.
To General Lincoln, commanding the government troops at Hadley.... We are sensible of the embarrassments the people are under; but that virtue
which truly characterizes the citizens of a republican government, hath hitherto
marked our paths with a degree of innocence.... At the same time, the people are
topiC i | The Perils and Possibilities of Expansion 15107_STA_2012_ch6_145-168.indd 151 23/04/15 5:43 PM