ToPI c I | Factions and Federal power 171

D

ebates regarding the rightful powers of the federal government over the

state government and of the state over the individual continued in the

early nineteenth century. These debates manifested themselves in varied

and unexpected ways as Americans attempted to align the ideals of the

Enlightenment with their political institutions and society.

Although the words of the Declaration of Independence claimed to speak

for “all men,” Americans in the late eighteenth century increasingly encoun-

tered tensions within a unified nation that nonetheless contained diverse,

often conflicting voices. These tensions, coupled with the reality that not all

Americans equally shared the promise of the Declaration, fueled the struggle

to fulfill the ideals of the Revolution against forces that would halt progress

toward freedom.

Seeking the Main Point

As you read the documents that follow, keep these broad questions in mind.

These questions will help you understand the relationship between the doc-

uments in this chapter and the historical changes that they represent. As you

reflect on these questions, determine which themes and which documents best

address them.

•   

How did different interpretations of the legacy of the Revolution shape eco-

nomic, political, and social debates in the early nineteenth century? In what

ways did these debates divide along regional lines? 

•   

How did Americans’ ideals about themselves as a people shape their values

and their culture? 

•   

How did the ideals of the Revolution continue to shape reform movements

during this period? 

Document

AP® Ke y

concePts PAge

7.10 Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Declaration of Sentiments

and Resolutions

4.1 II A 184

7.11 Asher Durand, Dover Plains 4.1 III A 185

Applying AP® Historical Thinking Skills

New Skill: Synthesis

Thinking Skill 4.9 186

170 chAPTer 7 | reForM anD reaCtion | period Four 180 0–1848

08_STA_2012_ch7_169-190.indd 170 24/03/15 10:00 AM

http://www.ebook777.com