country...I do not and cannot, understand how there still are serious people who
seriously object to the granting of female suffrage. These quotes indicate that he
introduces the social upheavals of the past in order to show that the country will survive
any upheavals caused by giving women the right to vote. Thus, he uses an analogy to show
that allowing women to vote would not permanently weaken the nation, making (A) the
correct answer. Choice (B) is the opposite of what Palma is attempting prove—he does not
believe that giving women more rights would cause the nation to crumble—so (B) is
incorrect. Palma does mention theories, beliefs, and codes of ethics, but while he says that
they were looked upon as immovable, he goes on to say that he has seen them give way to
different principles and methods based upon democracy and liberty. Thus, while they
appeared unchangeable, they did in fact change, so (C) is incorrect. Because Palma states
that the old institutions gave way to principles and methods based upon democracy and
liberty, the new, not the old, institutions are the ones that uphold liberal democracy. Thus,
(D) is incorrect.
C Palma discusses the country’s previous social upheavals in lines 61–62 in order to
demonstrate (in the lines that follow) that the country will be able to survive any social
upheaval brought about by female suffrage, just as it survived turmoil in the past. Choices
(A), (B), and (D) do not directly address the idea that the country has faced and survived
upheaval before, so they do not sufficiently support the answer to question 28. Choice (C)
clearly supports Palma’s point by noting that despite all those upheavals and changes, the
country has emerged with a robust and strong constitution and a people with modern
thoughts and modern ideals. Therefore, (C) is correct.
C In the final paragraph of the passage, Palma discusses the fruitful results of the country’s
new institutions, and discusses the marked progress that these institutions have brought to
all the orders of national life. Therefore, a good word to describe that progress might be
“serious” or “noticeable.” Of the answer choices, only significant is close in meaning to
“serious” or “noticeable,” so (C) is the correct answer. There is no evidence that the
country’s progress is fixed or guaranteed to continue, so (A) and (B) are incorrect. Choice
(D), underlined, relates to the literal meaning of marked, but does not match the meaning
intended by the context of the passage.
D Although the passage suggests that Palma is perplexed by those who oppose female
suffrage, it does not indicate that his attitude toward them is mournful, so (A) incorrect.
Palma supports the cause of female suffrage throughout his speech, so he is not unbiased or
viewing the matter academically; (B) is incorrect. He is not deferential, or submissive,
toward those who oppose female suffrage, so (C) is incorrect. In lines 85–87, Palma says, I
do not and cannot, understand how there still are serious people who seriously object to
the granting of female suffrage. These lines suggest that his attitude is one of
bewilderment and dissent. Therefore, (D) is the correct answer.
D The third paragraph states that the size of elk populations and wolf populations could be
related, so (A) is incorrect. The first sentence of the second paragraph states that wolves
are part of a naturally functioning ecosystem, so (B) is incorrect. The first paragraph
mentions that predator control efforts eradicated the gray wolf from Yellowstone, so (C) is