I6 Index
Business
See alsoCorporations; Industry
and industrialization;
Monopolies
ambivalence toward, 471–473
centralization, 481
competition in, 465–471
Coolidge and, 667
government regulation of, 472
Harding and, 666–667
Marshall court and, 241–242
Reagan and, 808
Business cycle, 488
Business regulations
in Progressive era, 564–565, 572
Teddy Roosevelt and, 568–570
Butler, Andrew P., 357
Butler, Pierce, 696
Butow, J. C., 731
Byrd, William, II, 64
Cabinet, 153–154
of Jackson, 251
Cabot, John, 20m, 27
Cacafuego(ship), 31
Caciques, 40–41
Cactus Hill, Virginia, 6
Cadwalader, George, 378
Cahokia, 10–11, 11f
Calamity Jane, 444
Calhoun, John C.
in 1836 election, 262
annexation of Texas and, 300
background of, 213
Bank of the United States contro-
versy and, 254
Compromise of 1850 and, 313
election of 1844 and, 304
Jackson and, 255
nullification crisis and, 258–259
sectionalism and, 252
sectional issues and, 210f
slavery resolutions of, 310
South Carolina Exposition and
Protest, 219, 258
tariffs and, 216, 218, 219
Whig party and, 260
Califano Joseph A., 638
California
annexation of, 306
gold rush in, 309, 311–312, 312f,
437, 443
Mexican Americans in, 823
missions in, 56, 301, 301f
Proposition 187, 823
settlement of, 301
society in, 54–56
Spanish settlement of, 55–56
statehood for, 297, 315
California Jack, 444
Callender, James, 165
Calloway, Colin, 128
Calvert, Cecilius, 40, 41f, 274–275
Calvert, George, 40
Calvin, John, 15, 30
Calvinism, 274
Cambodia, 785–786, 823
Camelot, 766
Camels, 4
Cameron, James, 614–615
Camp, Walter, 504, 650
Camp David Accords, 803
Camp Funston, 628f
Canada
American appetites toward, 198
American Revolution and, 119
border issues with, 205–206
boundary disputes with, 298
British takeover of, 93, 94
fur trade in, 90
Indian relations and, 196
smuggling and, 190
in War of 1812, 199–200
Canals, 337, 341
construction of, 238–241
Erie Canal, 226, 238f, 239–241,
275, 337
Panama Canal, 590, 603–606
Canal Zone, 605, 606
Canary Islands, 21
Canning, George, 207
Canning factories, 458
Cannon, 15
Canoe, 48
Cape Coast Castle, 59f
Cape Cod, 36
Cape Verde Islands, 25
Capitalism
critics of, 474–475
progressives and, 558
Capital punishment, 836–837
Capitol building, 155f
Capone, Al, 653
Cardozo, Benjamin N., 696
Carey, Mathew, 157
Caribbean
Spanish empire in, 22
U.S. policy in, 598–599, 599m,
602, 605–606, 612
Carillo, Adriana, 296
Carlisle School, 441f
Carlyle, Thomas, 212f, 289
Carmichael, Stokely, 777
Carnegie, Andrew, 467, 473, 474f
labor unions and, 479, 481
philanthropy by, 525
on Philippine war, 597
on Sherman Act, 477Carnegie Endowment for
International Peace, 672
Carnegie Steel Company, 467
Carnes, Mark C., 98
Carolinas, 82
See alsoNorth Carolina; South
Carolina
agriculture in, 62–63
colony of, 40–41
Carpetbaggers, 414–416
Carroll, John, 137
Carter, Jimmy
economy during, 800–802
election of 1976 and, 799–800,
800 f
election of 1980 and, 804–805
foreign policy of, 802–803
Iranian hostage crisis and,
803–804, 804f
presidency of, 800–804
Carter, Robert, 64
Carteret, Sir George, 42
Cartier, Jacques, 27, 41
Cartoons, 649
Cash-and-carry, 705
Casino gambling, 434–435
Cass, Lewis, 310, 311, 352
Cassatt, Alexander J., 523
Cassatt, Mary, 523, 523f
Cassava, 25
Castlereagh, Lord, 198
Castro, Cipriano, 599
Castro, Fidel, 754–755, 766, 767
Catch-22(Heller), 778
The Catcher in the Rye
(Salinger), 778
Catherine of Aragon, 30
Catholic missionaries, 23, 24, 54, 55,
301, 301f
Catholics and Catholic Church, 137
discrimination against, 495
in England, 34
indulgences sold by, 30, 35
Irish Americans and, 230
membership in, 841
poor and, 505
Protestant Reformation and, 30
social reform and, 507
Catlin, George, 257f
Catt, Carrie Chapman, 567, 647
Cattle, 25, 33, 45, 48, 71
Cattle ranching, 449–451, 453–454
CBN University, 842
Ceausescu, Nicolae, 814
Central America, 348
See also specific countries
development of maize in, 5
U.S. policy in, 598–599,
599 m, 602